A Study of Grammatical Errors Produced by Korean Child EFL Learners
2
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study investigated the developmental aspects of child EFL learners’ acquisition of grammar in an uninstructed setting where learning was based on input comprehension for the most part. Data were collected for two years from two Korean children’s written journals and compositions. The characteristics of their interim grammar were described with a focus on their awareness of syntactic constraints and production of functional morphemes. The study found that there were several peculiar features in their interlanguage such as excessive use of be as a topic marker, strong preference for regular morphology, and arbitrary conversion, and significant delays in the development of functional morphemes as compared to English L1 children. These suggest that in the environment devoid of pushed output and interactive pressure, input comprehension alone cannot lead child EFL learners to attain a fully operative state of grammatical competence.
Abstract
This study investigated the developmental aspects of child EFL learners’ acquisition of grammar in an uninstructed setting where learning was based on input comprehension for the most part. Data were collected for two years from two Korean children’s written journals and compositions. The characteristics of their interim grammar were described with a focus on their awareness of syntactic constraints and production of functional morphemes. The study found that there were several peculiar features in their interlanguage such as excessive use of be as a topic marker, strong preference for regular morphology, and arbitrary conversion, and significant delays in the development of functional morphemes as compared to English L1 children. These suggest that in the environment devoid of pushed output and interactive pressure, input comprehension alone cannot lead child EFL learners to attain a fully operative state of grammatical competence.
참고문헌 (47)
- 안성호, "The Grammar of Verb Be in Early Korean EFL Interlanguages", 생성문법연구, 16(4), pp.797~ (2006), 한국생성문법학회
- Bardovi-Harlig, K., "The relationship of form and meaning: A cross-sectional study of tense and aspect in the interlanguage of learners of English as a second language", Applied Psycholinguistics, 13(3), pp.253~278 (1992)
- Bardovi-Harlig, K., "A narrative perspective on the development of the tense", aspect system in second language acquisition, 1995, pp.17(2), 263~291
- Bardovi-Harlig, K., "Tense and a spect in second language acquisition: Form, meaning, and use" (2000), Blackwell Publishers
- Blom, E., "Effects of input properties, vocabulary size, and L1 on the development of third person singular –s in child L2 English", Language Learning, 62(3), pp.965~994 (2012)
- Brown, R., "A first language: The early stages" (1973), Harvard University Press
- Yan Cheng, "A Study of English Morpheme Acquisition Order by Chinese and Korean EFL Learners", 언어학, 28(1), pp.79~97 (2020), 대한언어학회[DOI]
- 최문홍, "A Case Study of Korean EFL Learners’ Interlanguage in Verb Morphology", 언어학, 30(1), pp.133~155 (2022), 대한언어학회[DOI]
- Chondrogianni, V., "Production and processing asymmetries in the acquisition of tense morphology by sequential bilingual children", Bilingualism : Language and Cognition, 15(1), pp.5~21 (2012)
- Corder, S. P., "The significance of learner’s errors", International Review of Applied Linguistics in Language Teaching, 5(1), pp.161~170 (1967)
- Corder, S. P., "Error analysis and inter-language" (1981), Oxford University Press
- Dulay, H. C., "Should we teach children syntax?", Language Learning, 23(2), pp.245~258 (1973)
- Dulay, H. C., "Natural sequences in child second language acquisition", Language Learning, 24(1), pp.37~53 (1974)
- Dulay, H. C., "Language two" (1982), Oxford University Press
- Gavruseva, E., "Root infinitives in child L2 English:An aspectual features account", Second Language Research, 20(4), pp.335~371 (2004)
- Gavruseva, E., "Current trends in child second language acquisition: A generative perspective", pp.145~177 (2008), John Benjamins Publishing
- Geçkin, V., "Current trends in child second language acquisition: A generative perspective", pp.237~271 (2008), John Benjamins Publishing
- Gor, K., "Nonnative processing of verbal morphology: In search of regularity", Language Learning, 60(1), pp.88~126 (2010)
- Hahn, H. R., "The status of be in developing learner language", Journal of Pan-Pacific Association of Applied Linguistics, 5(2), pp.241~252 (2001)
- 한혜령, "EFL Learners' ＂Be＂: Overuse, Underuse, and Variation", 응용언어학, 25(3), pp.139~168 (2009), 한국응용언어학회
- Hawkins, R., "Martin Atkinson - The Minimalist Muse", pp.135~156 (2007), University of Essex
- Hawkins, R., "Explaining frequency of verb morphology in early L2 speech", Lingua, 118(4), pp.595~612 (2008)
- Haznedar, B., "The acquisition of tense-aspect in child second language English", Second Language Research, 23(4), pp.383~417 (2007)
- Hwang, H., "Effects of written versus spoken production modalities on syntactic complexity measures in beginning‐level child EFL learners", The Modern Language Journal, 104(1), pp.267~283 (2020)
- Hwang, J. B., "L2 acquisition of English unaccusative verbs under implicit and explicit learning conditions", English Teaching, 54(4), pp.145~176 (1999)
- Ionin, T., "Current trends in child second language acquisition: A generative perspective", pp.17~53 (2008), John Benjamins Publishing
- Ionin, T., "Why is ‘is’ easier than ‘-s’?:Acquisition of tense", agreement morphology by child second language learners of English, 2002, pp.18(2), 95~136
- James, C., "Errors in language learning and use:Exploring error analysis" (2013), Routledge
- Jia, G., "Acquisition of English grammatical morphology by native Mandarin-speaking children and adolescents: Age-related differences", Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 50(5), pp.1280~1299 (2007)
- Kim, C. E., "Asymmetries in children's production of relative clauses: Data from English and Korean", Journal of Child Language, 43(5), pp.1038~1071 (2016)
- 김기택, "Acquisition of the Third Person Singular -s by L1- Korean Adult", Child Learners of English, 2017, pp.33(1), 3~27[DOI]
- Kim, K., "Learnability in the acquisition of the English tough construction by L1-Korean adult and child L2 learners", Second Language Research, 38(2), pp.259~287 (2022)
- Klein, E. C., "Evidence for a ‘wild’ L2 grammar:When PPs rear their empty heads", Applied Linguistics, 16(1), pp.87~117 (1995)
- Lakshmanan, U., "Analysing interlanguage:How do we know what learners know?", Second Language Research, 17(4), pp.393~420 (2001)
- 이인, "A Korean Child Learner’s Acquisition of English Grammar: A Four-year-long Case Study", 언어학, 22(1), pp.69~110 (2014), 대한언어학회[DOI]
- 이선미, "An analysis of errors in acquisition of past tense forms of Korean elementary school children", 초등영어교육, 22(3), pp.107~127 (2016), 한국초등영어교육학회
- MacWhinney, B., "The child language data exchange system: An update", Journal of Child Language, 17(2), pp.457~472 (1990)
- 남보라, "Use of Be-Forms as Topic Markers in Interlanguage", 영어교육, 75, pp.9~33 (2020), 한국영어교육학회
- Paradis, J., "Grammatical morphology in children learning English as a second language: Implications of similarities with specific language impairment", Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools, 36(3), pp.172~187 (2005)
- Paradis, J., "Current trends in child second language acquisition: A generative perspective", pp.337~356 (2008), John Benjamins Publishing
- Paradis, J., "Bilingual children’s acquisition of English verb morphology: Effects of language exposure, structure complexity, and task type", Language Learning, 60(3), pp.651~680 (2010)
- Pica, T., "Adult acquisition of English as a second language under different conditions of exposure", Language Learning, 33(4), pp.465~497 (1983)
- Wexler Test of early grammatical impairment, "Rice", pp.2001, Rice, M.
- Richards, J. C, "Error analysis: Perspectives on second language acquisition" (2014), Routledge
- Semren, M., "A longitudinal study of the acquisition of verbal morphology in the EFL classroom", English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries, 14(1), pp.55~74 (2017)
- Shin, J. S., "L1 influence in foreign language learning:Topic-prominence in Korean EFL learners' interlanguage grammar", Foreign Language Education, 8, pp.1~21 (2001)
- Unsworth, S, "Current trends in child second language acquisition:A generative perspective", pp.301~346 (2008), John Benjamins Publishing