본문 바로가기
KERD
논문KCI 등재

The Effect of Same-industry and Cross-industry Agglomeration on Exporting of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise

조혜진|홍가혜
한국디지털무역연구소 (Korea Digital Trade Research Institute)|2022.08|디지털무역리뷰 (Digital Trade Review)|제20권 제3호|pp. 1-21|DOI 10.17255/etr.20.3.202208.1

0

조회

0

다운로드

1

인용

0

참고문헌

키워드

국제화Internationalization중소기업수출집적경제ExportingAgglomeration EconomiesSmall and Medium-Sized Enterprises

초록

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the effect of agglomeration economies on the internationalization of SMEs. Focusing on the concept of the agglomeration economy, this study explains how the exporter agglomeration affects SMEs' internationalization. Specifically, we test the different effects of same-industry and cross-industry agglomeration on SMEs' exporting decisions. Composition/Logic: This paper is organized as follows. First, the research background and motivation are explained. Second, we review previous literature related to agglomeration economies and internationalization, to formulate the hypotheses. In the third section, we describe the data and methods. The fourth section will present the empirical models and results. In the final section, the main conclusions are pointed out and implications are suggested. Findings: An empirical analysis of Chinese SMEs shows the support of same-industry exporter agglomeration on SMEs export initiative, along with the negative impact of cross-industry exporter agglomeration on the exporting decision. These results suggest that positive externalities argued in agglomeration literature are only applicable to same-industry exporter agglomeration in the SME context. SMEs in larger cross-industry exporter agglomeration are unlikely to enjoy knowledge spillover from diverse industries and even suffer from a lack of specialized resources supporting exporting. Originality/Value: This study shows the effect of exporter agglomeration network on SMEs’ internationalization, and further suggests the different effects of same- and cross-industry agglomeration economies. Our study analyzes the formulation of different externalities in the same- and cross-industry agglomeration, and their implications for the SME’s internationalization. Specifically, we suggest that positive externalities argued in agglomeration literature are only applicable to same-industry exporter agglomeration in the SME context. Keywords: Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises; Internationalization; Exporting; Agglomeration Economies

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to empirically analyze the effect of agglomeration economies on the internationalization of SMEs. Focusing on the concept of the agglomeration economy, this study explains how the exporter agglomeration affects SMEs' internationalization. Specifically, we test the different effects of same-industry and cross-industry agglomeration on SMEs' exporting decisions. Composition/Logic: This paper is organized as follows. First, the research background and motivation are explained. Second, we review previous literature related to agglomeration economies and internationalization, to formulate the hypotheses. In the third section, we describe the data and methods. The fourth section will present the empirical models and results. In the final section, the main conclusions are pointed out and implications are suggested. Findings: An empirical analysis of Chinese SMEs shows the support of same-industry exporter agglomeration on SMEs export initiative, along with the negative impact of cross-industry exporter agglomeration on the exporting decision. These results suggest that positive externalities argued in agglomeration literature are only applicable to same-industry exporter agglomeration in the SME context. SMEs in larger cross-industry exporter agglomeration are unlikely to enjoy knowledge spillover from diverse industries and even suffer from a lack of specialized resources supporting exporting. Originality/Value: This study shows the effect of exporter agglomeration network on SMEs’ internationalization, and further suggests the different effects of same- and cross-industry agglomeration economies. Our study analyzes the formulation of different externalities in the same- and cross-industry agglomeration, and their implications for the SME’s internationalization. Specifically, we suggest that positive externalities argued in agglomeration literature are only applicable to same-industry exporter agglomeration in the SME context.

참고문헌 (59)

  1. Aitken, B., "Spillovers, Foreign Investment, and export behavior", Journal of International Economics, 43(1-2), pp.103~132 (1997)
  2. Alcacer, J., "Location Strategies and Knowledge Spillovers", Management Science, 53(5), pp.760~776 (2007)
  3. Almeida, P., "Localization of Knowledge and the Mobility of Engineers in Regional Networks", Management Science, 45(7), pp.905~917 (1999)
  4. Alvarez, R., "Is Exporting a Source of Productivity Spillovers?", Review of World Economics, 144(4), pp.723~749 (2008)
  5. Arrow, K, "Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention, The rate and direction of inventive activity: Economic and social factors", pp.609~626 (1962), Princeton University Press
  6. Becchetti, L., "The Positive Effect of Industrial District on the Export Performance of Italian Firms", Review of Industrial Organization, 16(1), pp.53~68 (2000)
  7. Belso-Martinez, J. A., "Do Industrial Districts Influence Export Performance and Export Intensity? Evidence for Spanish SMEs' Internationalization Process", European Planning Studies, 14(6), pp.791~810 (2006)
  8. Berger, B., "The Growth of Chinese Exports: An Examination of the Detailed Trade Data", Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, International Finance Discussion Papers, ~ (2011)
  9. Bernard, A. B., "Exporting and Productivity in the USA", Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 20(3), pp.343~357 (2004)
  10. Blomstermo, A., "Domestic Activity and Knowledge Development in the Internationalization Process of Firms", Journal of International Entrepreneurship, 2(3), pp.239~258 (2004)
  11. Buckley, P. J., "Foreign direct investment by small-and medium-sized enterprises: the theoretical background, The Multinational Enterprise", pp.24~45 (1989), Springer
  12. Chevassus-Lozza, E., "Local Spillovers, Firm Organization and Export Behaviour : Evidence from the French Food Industry", Regional Studies, 37(2), pp.147~158 (2003)
  13. Chung, W., "Agglomeration Effects and Performance : A Test of the Texas Lodging Industry", Strategic Management Journal, 22(10), pp.969~988 (2001)
  14. Clerides, S. K., "Is Learning by Exporting Important? Micro-dynamic Evidence from Colombia, Mexico, and Morocco", The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(3), pp.903~947 (1998)
  15. David, P. A., "Marshallian Factor Market Externalities and the Dynamics of Industrial Localization", Journal of Urban Economics, 28(3), pp.349~370 (1990)
  16. Duranton, G., "Nursery Cities: Urban Diversity, Process Innovation, and the Life Cycle of Products", American Economic Review, pp.1454~1477 (2001)
  17. Duranton, G., "Micro-foundations of Urban Agglomeration Economies", Handbook of regional and urban economics, 4, pp.2063~2117 (2004)
  18. Feldman, M. P., "Innovation in Cities : Science-based Diversity, Specialization and Localized Competition", European Economic Review, 43(2), pp.409~429 (1999)
  19. Feldman, M. P., "The Geographic Sources of Innovation : Technological Infrastructure and Product Innovation in the United States", Annuals of the Association of American Geographers, 84(2), pp.210~229 (1994)
  20. Fernhaber, S. A., "International Entrepreneurship and Geographic Location: An Empirical Examination of New Venture Internationalization", Journal of International Business Studies, 39(2), pp.267~290 (2008)
  21. Fletcher, M., "Knowledge Acquisition for the Internationalization of the Smaller Firm : Content and Sources", International Business Review, 21(4), pp.631~647 (2012)
  22. Glaeser, E., "Growth in Cities", Journal of Political Economy, 100(6), pp.1126~1152 (1992)
  23. Glaeser, E. L., "Learning in Cities", Journal of Urban Economics, 46(2), pp.254~277 (1999)
  24. Greenaway, D., "Exporting, Productivity and Agglomeration", European Economic Review, 52(5), pp.919~939 (2008)
  25. Harrison, B., "Innovative Firm Behavior and Local Milieu: Exploring the Intersection of Agglomeration, Firm Effects, and Technological Change", Economic Geography, 72(3), pp.233~258 (1996)
  26. Head, K., "Agglomeration Benefits and Location Choice : Evidence from Japanese Manufacturing Investments in the United States", Journal of International Economics, 38(3), pp.223~247 (1995)
  27. Jacobs, J, "The economy of cities" (1969), Random House
  28. Jacobs, J, "Cities and the Wealth of Nations" (1984), Random House
  29. Jaffe, A. B., "Geographic Localization of Knowledge Spillovers as Evidenced by Patent Citations", Quarterly Journal of Economics, 108(3), pp.577~598 (1993)
  30. Johanson, J., "The Uppsala Internationalization Process Model Revisited : From Liability of Foreignness to Liability of Outsidership", Journal of International Business Studies, 40(9), pp.1411~1431 (2009)
  31. Jones, M. V., "First Steps in Internationalisation : Concepts and Evidence from A Sample of Small High-technology Firms", Journal of International Management, 7(3), pp.191~210 (2001)
  32. Kelly, M., "Marshallian Externalities in Innovation", Journal of Economic Growth, 4(1), pp.39~54 (1999)
  33. Koenig, P., "Agglomeration and the Export Decisions of French Firms", Journal of Urban Economics, 66(3), pp.186~195 (2009)
  34. Koenig, P., "Local Export Spillovers in France", European Economic Review, 54(4), pp.622~641 (2010)
  35. Krugman, P., "Geography and Trade" (1991), MIT Press
  36. Krugman, P., "History and Industry Location : The Case of the Manufacturing Belt", The American Economic Review, 81(2), pp.80~83 (1991)
  37. Lall, S., "Determinants of R&D in an LDC : The Indian Engineering Industry", Economics Letters, 13(4), pp.379~383 (1983)
  38. Lamin, A., "Agglomeration, Catch-up and the Liability of Foreignness in Emerging Economies", Journal of International Business Studies, 44(6), pp.579~606 (2013)
  39. Leonidou, L. C., "Five Decades of Business Research into Exporting : A Bibliographic Analysis", Journal of International Management, 16(1), pp.78~91 (2010)
  40. Li, L. -y., "An Examination of the Foreign Market Knowledge of Exporting Firms based in the People's Republic of China : Its Determinants and Effect on Export Intensity", Industrial Marketing Management, 33(7), pp.561~572 (2004)
  41. Li, L., "Internationalization Process of Small and medium-sized Enterprises: Toward a Hybrid Model of Experiential Learning and Planning", Management International Review, pp.93~116 (2004)
  42. Lindstrand, A., "Turning Social Capital into Business : A study of the Internationalization of Biotech SMEs", International Business Review, 20(2), pp.194~212 (2011)
  43. Love, J. H., "Experience, Age and Exporting Performance in UK SMEs", International Business Review, 25(4), pp.806~819 (2016)
  44. Malmberg, A., "Towards An Explanation of Regional Specialization and Industry Agglomeration", European Planning Studies, 5(1), pp.25~41 (1997)
  45. Malmberg, A., "Spatial Clustering, Local Accumulation of Knowledge and Firm Competitiveness", Geografiska Annaler. Series B. Human Geography, pp.85~97 (1996)
  46. Marshall, A, "Principles of Economy" (1920), Macmillan
  47. McCann, B. T., "Location Matters : Where We have Been and Where We might go in Agglomeration Research", Journal of Management, 34(3), pp.532~565 (2008)
  48. Musteen, M., "The Influence of International Networks on Internationalization Speed and Performance: A Study of Czech SMEs", Journal of World Business, 45(3), pp.197~205 (2010)
  49. Ortega-Argiles, R., "R&D in SMEs: A Paradox?", 33(1), pp.3~11 (2009)
  50. Paci, R., "Externalities, Knowledge Spillovers and the Spatial Distribution of Innovation", GeoJournal, 49(4), pp.381~390 (1999)
  51. Reid, S., "Information Acquisition and Export Entry Decisions in Small Firms", Journal of Business Research, 12(2), pp.141~157 (1984)
  52. Roberts, M. J., "The Decision to Export in Colombia: An Empirical Model of Entry with Sunk Costs", The American Economic Review, pp.545~564 (1997)
  53. Romer, P. M., "Increasing Returns and Long-run Growth", Journal of Political Economy, pp.1002~1037 (1986)
  54. Rotemberg, J. J., "Competition and Human Capital Accumulation : A Theory of Interregional Specialization and Trade", Regional Science and Urban Economics, 30(4), pp.373~404 (2000)
  55. Shefer, D., "Local Milieu and Innovations : Some Empirical Results", The Annals of Regional Science, 32(1), pp.185~200 (1998)
  56. Singh, D. A., "Export performance of emerging market firms", International Business Review, 18(4), pp.321~330 (2009)
  57. Weaver, K. M., "Export Behaviour and Attitudes of Small-and medium-sized Korean Manufacturing Firms", International Small Business Journal, 8(4), pp.59~70 (1990)
  58. Wei, Y., "Productivity Spillovers from R&D, Exports and FDI in China's Manufacturing Sector", Journal of International Business Studies, 37(4), pp.544~557 (2006)
  59. Wells, L. T., "Third world multinationals: The rise of foreign investments from developing countries" (1983), MIT Press Books

관련 논문AI추천

Agglomeration Economies in Korean Export Activities홍성효국가데이터연구원 · 통계연구2015 · 제20권 제2호The Interactive Relationship between Small and Medium-sized Enterprises' Clusters and Regional Economic GrowthWang Rong, Xu Li한국유통과학회 · 유통과학연구2015 · 제13권 제4호The Determinants of SMEs Export: Lessons from Industry-Level Analysis김행선, 이미혜사단법인 한국신용카드학회 · 신용카드리뷰2022 · 제16권 제3호Developing SMEs’ Export Success Factors for Distribution Reinforcement구병모한국유통과학회 · 유통과학연구2017 · 제15권 제10호The Impact of Interfirm Linkages on Chinese MNEs’ Entry into Foreign Markets홍성진, Hang Su대외경제정책연구원 · East Asian Economic Review2022 · 제26권 제2호The Relationship between Global Entrepreneurship, Absorptive Capacity, and Export Performance of SMEs원동환한국전문경영인학회 · 전문경영인연구2019 · 제22권 제1호

이 간행물의 다른 논문 (2건)

친환경 제품 속성의 편익유형과 광고소구가 구매의도에 미치는 영향장기, 서현석pp. 23-44초등교육에서의 무역 교육내용 분석김용민, 김지웅, 이명규pp. 45-61
원문 보기