국회 재정권력 강화와 재정건전성의 관계분석
Budgeting Power of the Parliament and Fiscal Discipline
0
조회
0
다운로드
7
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
예전의 권위주의 시대의 국회는 통법부(rubber stamp parliament)라 불렸다. 그 시절과는 달리 정책의 결정, 즉 입법과 예산심의라는 과정을 통해 국회의 권력이 상당히 강화되고 있다. 문제는 삼권분립이라는 민주주의 체제에서 국회 권력의 강화가 보다 좋은 정책을 낳는가 하는 점이다. 정치와 정책의 연계라는 관점을 국회의 예산심의에 적용해보는 것이 본고의 핵심이다. OECD의 국가서베이 자료를 활용해 국회의 예산심의기간, 예산변경의 범위, 거시예산한도설정 등 예산심의과정, 재정준칙, 재정계획의 시계(time horizon) 변수가 재정건전성에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 행정부의 예산편성과정에 국회가 분야별 배분 등에 대해 공식적인 논의과정을 마련하고 예산변경에 대한 제약이 없는 경우, 예산심의기간 확보 등은 오히려 재정건전성에 부정적인 영향을 미치고 거시예산한도설정은 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타난다. 아울러 재정준칙이 행정부차원이 아니라 국회의 차원에서 입법화되어 강제수단이 마련되는 경우 재정건전성에 긍정적 영향을 미칠 수 있지만 중첩적이거나 헌법 등에 규정하는 경우 오히려 부정적인 영향을 미친다. 우리나라도 가계부채, 공공기관부채 등의 규모, 복지지출의 급격한 확대 등을 감안 국회 예산심의의 실질화 및 실효성 확보가 필요하다.
Abstract
We had a rubber stamp parliament during the authoritarian regime period. However, recently we have strengthened legislative power for policy making and budgeting through democratization. The research question is about the relationship between strengthened budget power of the parliament and fiscal discipline. We utilize the OECD state survey data of 2003 and 2007 for the impact analysis of budget assessment time period, the range of budget change, macro budget ceiling, fiscal rule, time horizon of fiscal planning on the fiscal soundness. We found that no limitation on the budget change and long time budget assessment impact negatively and macro budget ceiling impact positively related to the fiscal discipline. In addition, fiscal rule not executive body level but legislative body level support fiscal consolidation. We conclude that balanced politics and policy will drive good performance including fiscal discipline. For this purpose, we need to improve the quality of budget assessment and effectiveness of budget power of the parliament.
참고문헌 (41)
- Hong, S., "Institution approach of fisca performance", Public Finance Forum, (164) (2010), KIPF
- Fiscal sustainability related institutional system: EU, US, UK, Sweden, Canada, Austrailia, Japan, "Hong, S.", KIPF, ~, pp.11-03 (2011)
- Effective budget deliberation, "Im, I.", NABO, ~, pp.No.11 (2008)
- Kim, H., "Empirical study of the activities of deliberation of budget", Korea Journal of Policy Science, 5(3), pp.169~200 (2001)
- Constitution and public finance, "Kim, J.", KIPF, ~ (2010)
- Impact analysis on the budget assessment of the NABO institution building, "Kim, S.", National Assembly, ~ (2011)
- A study on the fiscal rule introduction: focused on political rent seeking behavior and long term fiscal estimation, "Kim, S.", KDI, ~, pp.2010-03 (2010)
- Budget Session, main issue and review, "Kim, T.", National Assembly Office, ~, pp.No.456 (2004)
- A study on the introduction of fiscal rules for fiscal sustainability, "Kwon, Osung", the Korea Institute of Public Administration, ~ (2013)
- Macro budget operation and fiscal rule, "Ok, D.", CFE, ~, pp.40 (2008)
- Park, H., "Fiscal consolidation issue and EU fiscal rule", G20summit seminar (2010), KIPF
- Budget reform and transfer of the role of parliament, "Park, J.", National Assembly Office, ~, pp.459 (2005)
- 박정수, "국회 예산심사제도 평가와 개선방안", 사회과학연구논총, 29, pp.301~332 (2013), 이화사회과학원
- 박정수, "거시예산개혁과 재정개혁 이후 예산심의과정에서 나타난 행태 분석: 국회 예산결산특별위원회를 중심으로", 의정연구, 19(1), pp.73~109 (2013), 한국의회발전연구회
- Ryu, D., "Fiscal consolidation effect analysis of fiscal rule type", Korea Association of Economics 2011-3 conference presented paper (2011)
- 윤영진, "재정 건전성 지표로서의 국가채무 개념의쟁점과 대안모형", 한국행정논집, 24(2), pp.371~394 (2012), 한국정부학회[DOI]
- Buchanan, J., "Democracy in Deficit" (1997), Academic Press
- The Discipline-Enhancing Role of Fiscal Institutions: Theory and Empirical Evidence, "Debrun, X.", IMF, ~, pp.07 (2007), 171
- Debrun, X., "Independent Fiscal Agencies", Journal of Economic Surveys, 23(1), pp.44~81 (2009)
- Debrun, X., "Tied to the Mast? National Fiscal Rules in the European Union", Economic Policy, 23(54), pp.299~362 (2008)
- Downs, Anthony, "An Economic Theory of Democracy" (1957), Harper
- Erhart, Karl-Martin, "Budget processes: Theory and experimental evidence", Games and Economic Behavior, 59, pp.279~295 (2007)
- Public Finance Report in EMU 2006. Part Ⅲ: National Numerical Fiscal Rules and Institutions for Sound Public Finances, "European Commission", European Economy, ~, pp.No.3 (2006)
- The 2009 Ageing Report: Economic and budgetary projections for the EU-27 Member States (2008-2060), "EU", ~ (2009)
- Ferejohn, J., "The budget process and the size of the budget", America Journal of Political Science, 31, pp.296~320 (1987)
- Hallerberg, M., "The Design of Fiscal Rules and Forms of Governance in European Union Countries", European Journal of Political Economy, 23(2), pp.338~359 (2007)
- IMF, "Fiscal Monitor. 11", ~ (2010)
- IMF, "World Economic Outlook. April", ~ (2009)
- Fiscal Rules-Anchoring Expectations for Sustainable Public Finances, "IMF", IMF, ~ (2009)
- Kopits, G., "Fiscal Rules", IMF Occasional Paper. 162, ~ (1998)
- Kumar, M., "Fiscal Rules Anchoring Expectations for Sustainable Public Finances", IMF Staff Paper, ~ (2009)
- Who controls budget: The Legislature or the Executive?, "Lienert, Ian", IMF, ~, pp.No.05 (2005), 115
- Results of the Survey on Budget Practices and Procedures, "OECD", ~ (2003)
- OECD, "Budget Practices and Procedures Survey", ~ (2007)
- OECD, "OECD Economic Outlook 90 Database", ~ (2011)
- OECD, "OECD Economic Outlook 86 Database", ~ (2009)
- OECD, "Fiscal sustainability: the contribution of fiscal rules", OECD Economic Outlook 72, ~ (2002)
- Shi, M., "Political Budget Cycles: Do They Differ Across Counties and Why?", Journal of Public Economics, 90 (2006)
- von Hagen, J., "Budgeting Procedures and Fiscal Performance in European Communities", Economic Papers. No.96, ~ (1992)
- von Hagen, J., "Budget processes and commitment to fiscal discipline", European Economic Review, 39, pp.771~779 (1995)