종교적 믿음을 설명하는 뒤르케임의 ‘과학’ 개념: 신성성에 대한 종교사회학적 개념의 과학사회학적 개념으로의 환원

Abstract

When it comes to understand the religious phenomena, Durkheim’s concept of science is always controversial. If the application of scientific concepts to the religious phenomena remains a major debate to this day, it is necessary to closely examine Durkheim’s concept of science. Durkheim shows the origin and the fundamental characteristics of religion in the primitive forms of religious life(1912). For Durkheim, the essence of the religion is not to believe in a transcendent God. Religion is the social and the real. For him, common denominator of all the religion is divinity. This article wants to response to how the religious belief can be a the social(society), not be a transcendent God(religion). Durkheim’s proposition that the religious belief is the social can not be consisted of without scientism. Because the scientific thinking introduce in the process of substitution of the religious world to the real world. Durkheim’s scientific thinking that explains religious belief provides to the necessity of his research, as a social scientist who understood the important role of scientific knowledge. The primitive forms of religious life is a means to understand the concept of Durkheim’s science. This article will understand Durkheim’s religion et its essence that Durkheim explain in the primitive forms of religious life. We will see how Durkheim’s science explain the belief et also find out the reaction releaved by the others religious theorists. And so we will catch the scientific debate on his religion theory and his unique sociological status.