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서양음악형식: 역사적 발전과정을 통한 이론적 조망

The Musical Forms: A Theoretical Prospect of Its Development in the History of the Western Music

정소희
음악연구소 (Ewha Music Research Institute)|2007.06|이화음악논집 (journal of Ewha Music Research Institute)|제11권 제1호|pp. 35-85|DOI 10.17254/jemri.2007.11.1.002

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참고문헌

키워드

음악 형식3부분 형식musical formternary formmusic analysis음악 분석

초록

Abstract

Throughout the history of the Western music, the creation of new music always derived from an effort to find a fundamental of the composition, the analysis. The theory of analysis began to be recognized as an independent academic curricula from the 19th century. From the Medieval period, the musical analysis was already considered as an assisting tool for academic studies but not until 1750s, the analytical approach was widely accepted. Among many analytical theories, the formal analysis is counted as the most important one, which deals with over all aspects of music rather than a fragment of the entire work. This thesis is focusing to the development of formal analysis and its new possibility through following processes: 1) all existing musical forms are categorized based on the currently available published materials, 2) the list of different forms is completed by studying every form ever created, 3) researched on the necessity of a theory for origins, evolutions and disappearance of musical forms. During this research, it has been proved that the theory is a leading factor for musical form's creation, evolution and disappearance. The theory also is the core of deciding the type of a musical form. Among many theories, the most important musical factor to decide a form is scale system. This system evolved from modal to tonal and to atonal (12-tone music included), dominated and manipulated the development of a musical structure from polyphony to homophony and back to polyphony. One can conclude that the musical form was born out of structural boundaries of a scale system. For example, a representative form of a tonal theory is the sonata form. The reason that other similar forms such as rondo and fugue also has three parts like sonata lies on the fact that the progression of tonic-dominant-tonic is the main organization of a scale. After 1900's, the new scale system failed to create a major form like Sonata. However, it is feasible that a new form would be created out of a new theory because the logical principles of polyphony will coexist with the Western music.

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