The Role of Ancillary Motivations in Xunzi’s Thought
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This paper focuses on some passages in the Xunzi 荀子 where Xunzi can be understood as allowing typical Confucian attitudes or modes of behavior such as polite deference or humility to be driven by a wrong motive such as self-interest, and explains why this understanding is mistaken in a broader context of the text. Even though Xunzi does not accept that one can take the Confucian attitudes or actions entirely out of self-interest, it is hard to deny that in those passages of concern, he allows the intervention of a certain extra motive that differs from the proper motives for the ideal Confucian attitudes or actions. For this reason, this paper characterizes the extra motive under the convenient label of an “ancillary motivation” and explains how it intervenes and operates in a benign way, namely by advancing the core Confucian values ultimately.
Abstract
This paper focuses on some passages in the Xunzi 荀子 where Xunzi can be understood as allowing typical Confucian attitudes or modes of behavior such as polite deference or humility to be driven by a wrong motive such as self-interest, and explains why this understanding is mistaken in a broader context of the text. Even though Xunzi does not accept that one can take the Confucian attitudes or actions entirely out of self-interest, it is hard to deny that in those passages of concern, he allows the intervention of a certain extra motive that differs from the proper motives for the ideal Confucian attitudes or actions. For this reason, this paper characterizes the extra motive under the convenient label of an “ancillary motivation” and explains how it intervenes and operates in a benign way, namely by advancing the core Confucian values ultimately.
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