A New Approach to the Sasang Constitutional Theory of Yi Je-ma
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Sasang constitutional medicine (SCM) is unique in oriental medicine’s history. Traditional oriental medicine was established mainly under the influence of Taoism, while the ideological basis of SCM is Confucianism. In SCM, existing oriental medicine is disguised as Confucianism. Accordingly, Sasang philosophy, the philosophical background of SCM, is composed of Neo-Confucian metaphysics or primitive Confucian content. So SCM is derived from traditional oriental medicine, and Sasang philosophy is derived from Neo-Confucian metaphysics (primitive Confucianism). SCM, existing oriental medicine, Sasang philosophy, and traditional Confucianism all naturally differ from one another. If traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) consists of Taoism (A) and medicine (B), then SCM consists of medicine (B) and Confucianism (C). To compare the two or find differences in their content, the B in SCM should be explained as the B in existing Chinese medicine (B in SCM≒B in TCM). In other words, it is difficult to compare the B of conventional Chinese medicine with the C of SCM (B≠C), so the gap between them becomes larger. In addition, the comparison between the A in TCM and the C in SCM is unjust (A≠C) and thus we naturally conclude that they are essentially different. Of course, one can mention A or C together while discussing B, due to the necessity of examining the theoretical or ideological change process. However, if one talks about the B in SCM and the A or C while ignoring the B of existing Chinese medicine, one will reach the wrong conclusion. SCM researchers compare Sasang philosophy with TCM and SCM with Confucianism. Thus, the gap between the comparative objects grows, and the conclusion that SCM is “fundamentally” different from existing Chinese medicine (or Neo-Confucianism) is drawn. This paper focuses on correcting errors in SCM research caused by the specificity of SCM’s philosophical background, and revealing the merits of SCM compared with existing TCM.
Abstract
Sasang constitutional medicine (SCM) is unique in oriental medicine’s history. Traditional oriental medicine was established mainly under the influence of Taoism, while the ideological basis of SCM is Confucianism. In SCM, existing oriental medicine is disguised as Confucianism. Accordingly, Sasang philosophy, the philosophical background of SCM, is composed of Neo-Confucian metaphysics or primitive Confucian content. So SCM is derived from traditional oriental medicine, and Sasang philosophy is derived from Neo-Confucian metaphysics (primitive Confucianism). SCM, existing oriental medicine, Sasang philosophy, and traditional Confucianism all naturally differ from one another. If traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) consists of Taoism (A) and medicine (B), then SCM consists of medicine (B) and Confucianism (C). To compare the two or find differences in their content, the B in SCM should be explained as the B in existing Chinese medicine (B in SCM≒B in TCM). In other words, it is difficult to compare the B of conventional Chinese medicine with the C of SCM (B≠C), so the gap between them becomes larger. In addition, the comparison between the A in TCM and the C in SCM is unjust (A≠C) and thus we naturally conclude that they are essentially different. Of course, one can mention A or C together while discussing B, due to the necessity of examining the theoretical or ideological change process. However, if one talks about the B in SCM and the A or C while ignoring the B of existing Chinese medicine, one will reach the wrong conclusion. SCM researchers compare Sasang philosophy with TCM and SCM with Confucianism. Thus, the gap between the comparative objects grows, and the conclusion that SCM is “fundamentally” different from existing Chinese medicine (or Neo-Confucianism) is drawn. This paper focuses on correcting errors in SCM research caused by the specificity of SCM’s philosophical background, and revealing the merits of SCM compared with existing TCM.
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