1930년대 중국 천진지역 한인들의 교육실태와 전시동원체제

Abstract

Till the 1920s, Koreans mostly went to educational agencies affiliated with their ethnic group or the Chinese people. They established Samil Kindergarten, which was an ethnic educational agency, and taught the Korean language and history to raise the students as future powers of the independent movement. However, as the surveillance and suppression of Japan scattered the Korean people of Tianjin who were involved in the independent movement to various regions, Samil Kindergarten which was operated by those people had no choice but to close down. Due to the absence of an ethnic educational agency and realistic difficulties, the Korean people started sending their children to Chinese educational agencies in attempt to fully settle in the Chinese society. Then, in 1931, the Invasion on Manchuria occurred to make the Japanese Empire expand their influence on Tianjin area, which eventually changed the educational circumstances of the Korean people in the area. In the 1930s, the Japanese Empire started asserting the ‘mutual education for Japanese and Koreans,’ and tried to infuse colonial education into the Korean people. This made more and more Koreans be fond of entering Japanese educational agencies as they thought the mutual education for Japanese and Koreans provided by the Japanese educational agencies will give them an opportunity to have the same status with the Japanese people. However, the Japanese Empire deceptively used such expectations of the Korean people. After the Sino-Japanese war broke out, the Korean students were transferred to the Japaneseeducational agencies through the ‘mutual education system for Japanese and Koreans,’ which wasused as a mean to mobilize the students to battlefields.