診療場面におけるコミュニケーションスタイルの 日韓認識比較 ─医師の丁寧表現不使用を例にして─

Abstract

This study explores appropriate communication styles for creating a better medical environment in multicultural societies by comparing the patients’ perceptions on physicians’ use and non-use of polite expressions in Korean and Japanese. A scenario-based questionnaire survey is carried out and statistically analyzed. The scenario consists of a clinical situation where the physician talks to the patient using/without using polite expressions. The setting of the scenario varies with respect to the age of the physician (30’s/60’s), and the relationship between the physician and the patient(familiar/unfamiliar). 529 Korean and 561 Japanese survey respondents rate these scenarios with six negative and six positive evaluative terms in five-point Likert scale. The analysis results are summarized in the following. (1) Comparison of the evaluations by Korean and Japanese (a) Japanese respondents consider “familiarity” more influential than “age” factor both in negative and positive evaluative terms. (b) Korean consider both “familiarity” and “age” influential in negative evaluative terms, while “familiarity” more influential than “age” in positive terms. (2) Comparison of the evaluations by the age of the respondents (a) Korean and Japanese in their 20-30’s consider “familiarity” more influential than “age” both in negative and positive terms. (b) Korean in their 50-60’s consider “age” more influential than “familiarity” in negative terms, and “familiarity” more influential than “age” in positive terms. (c) Japanese in their 50-60’s consider “familiarity” more influential than “age” in negative terms, and “age” more influential than “familiarity” in positive terms. This study suggests that Korean and Japanese patients have different perceptions on physicians’ non-use of polite expressions depending on their country and generation, and also provide some evidence for refining the previous findings on the use of honorifics in Korean and Japanese.