제품차별화와 기술파급이 기술라이센싱에 미치는 영향
Effects of Product Differentiation and Technology Spillover on Technology Licensing
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참고문헌
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초록
본 논문은 하류 상품시장의 특성이 상류 기술시장에 어떻게 영향을 주는지에 대하여 분석한다. 특허보유자가 선택하는 기술판매의 범위(라이센스의 수)는 하류시장의 제품차별화가 작을수록(즉, 대체성이 커질수록) 작아지지만, 기술 파급효과(spillover effect)가 클수록 커짐을 보인다. 두 효과 모두 상품시장 경쟁을 촉진하지만 이와 같이 특허보유자의 라이센싱 전략과 그에 따른 기술 이용 및 확산에는 상반된 방향으로 작용하는 것이다. 이 결과를 응용하여 제품차별화가 작아져서 하류시장의 경쟁이 치열할수록(사전적) 사회후생을 극대화하는 최적 특허 보호는 약해지는 것이 바람직할 수 있음을 보인다.
Abstract
We study how downstream market characteristics affect upstream technologymarket and innovation incentives. Main result is that the scope of technologylicenses chosen by patent holder falls as downstream product differentiation orspillover effect gets lower. This means that although both lower differentiationand higher spillover effect intensify downstream market competition, they exertopposing effects on technology use and dissemination. Using this result weshow that optimal patent protection may have to be weaker as higherdifferentiation intensifies competition.
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