Effects of gender on the use of voice onset time and fundamental frequency cues in perception and production of English stops
1
조회
0
다운로드
1
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This study investigated the effects of gender on the use of voice onset time (VOT) and fundamental frequency (F0) cues in perceiving and producing stop voicing in English. This line of inquiry stemmed from the consistent finding in previous studies that females produced longer mean VOT values than males for voiceless stops in English. The results of a forced-choice identification experiment showed that listener gender had no significant effect on the use of VOT and F0 cues in categorizing voiced and voiceless stops. The results of a production experiment found that females produced a smaller average VOT value for voiceless stops than males, contradicting the results of previous studies that females consistently showed longer mean VOT values. The statistical analyses did not identify any significant gender-based differences in VOT values and VOT/F0 distinctions between voiced and voiceless stops. The results of the perception and production experiments may indicate that the gender is not a factor in the use of VOT and F0 cues for stop voicing in English.
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of gender on the use of voice onset time (VOT) and fundamental frequency (F0) cues in perceiving and producing stop voicing in English. This line of inquiry stemmed from the consistent finding in previous studies that females produced longer mean VOT values than males for voiceless stops in English. The results of a forced-choice identification experiment showed that listener gender had no significant effect on the use of VOT and F0 cues in categorizing voiced and voiceless stops. The results of a production experiment found that females produced a smaller average VOT value for voiceless stops than males, contradicting the results of previous studies that females consistently showed longer mean VOT values. The statistical analyses did not identify any significant gender-based differences in VOT values and VOT/F0 distinctions between voiced and voiceless stops. The results of the perception and production experiments may indicate that the gender is not a factor in the use of VOT and F0 cues for stop voicing in English.
참고문헌 (27)
- Bates, Douglas, "lme4: Linear mixed-effects models using Eigen and S4", R package version 1, 1~9 (2015)
- "Praat: Doing phonetics by computer" (2016)[URL]
- Helgason, Pétur, "Voicing and aspiration in Swedish stops", Journal of Phonetics, 36, pp.607~628 (2008)
- Kessinger, Rachel H., "Effects of speaking rate on voice-onset time in Thai, French, and English", Journal of Phonetics, 25, pp.143~168 (1997)
- Kessinger, Rachel H., "Effects of speaking rate on voice-onset time and vowel production: Some implications for perception studies", Journal of Phonetics, 26, pp.117~128 (1998)
- Koenig, Laura L., "Laryngeal factors in voiceless consonant production in men, women, and 5-year-olds", Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 43, pp.1211~1228 (2000)
- 공은정, "L2 Proficiency Effect on the Acoustic Cue-Weighting Pattern by Korean L2 Learners of English:Production and Perception of English Stops", 말소리와 음성과학, 5(4), pp.81~90 (2013), 한국음성학회[DOI]
- Li, Fangfang, "The effect of speakers’ sex on voice onset time in Mandarin stops", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 133, pp.EL142~EL147 (2013)
- Miller, Joanne L., "Speaking rate and segments:A look at the relation between speech production and speech perception for the voicing contrast", Phonetica, 43, pp.106~115 (1986)
- Misnadin, Misnadin, "Temporal and spectral properties of Madurese stops", Proceedings of the 18th International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (2015)
- Morris, Richard J., "Voice onset time differences between adult males and females: Isolated syllables", Journal of Phonetics, 36, pp.308~317 (2008)
- Oh, Eunjin, "Effects of speaker gender on voice onset time in Korean stops", Journal of Phonetics, 39, pp.59~67 (2011)
- Pind, Jörgen, "Speaking rate, voice-onset time, and quantity: The search for higher-order invariants for two Icelandic speech cues", Perception and Psychophysics, 57, pp.291~304 (1995)
- R Development Core Team, "The R project for statistical computing" (2016), R Foundation for Statistical Computing
- Repp, Bruno H., "Relative amplitude of aspiration noise as a voicing cue for syllable-initial stop consonants", Language and Speech, 22, pp.173~189 (1979)
- Ryalls, John, "A preliminary investigation of the effects of gender and race on voice onset time", Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 40, pp.642~645 (1997)
- Shultz, Amanda A., "Differential cue weighting in perception and production of consonant voicing", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 132, pp.EL95~EL101 (2012)
- Smith, B., "Effects of place of articulation and vowel environment on voice stop consonant production", Glossa, 12, pp.163~175 (1978)
- Swartz, Bradford L., "Gender difference in voice onset time", Perceptual and Motor Skills, 75, pp.983~992 (1992)
- Sweeting, Patricia M., "Voice onset time in a normal-aged population", Journal of Speech and Hearing Research, 25, pp.129~134 (1982)
- Sokolović-Perović, Mirjana, "The voicing contrast in Serbian stops", PhD, pp.2012
- Whalen, Douglas H., "Gradient effects of fundamental frequency on stop consonant voicing judgments", Phonetica, 47, pp.36~49 (1990)
- Whalen, Douglas H, "F0 gives voicing information even with unambiguous voice onset times", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 47, pp.36~49 (1993)
- Whalen, Douglas H, "The universality of intrinsic F0 of vowels", Journal of Phonetics, 23, pp.349~366 (1995)
- Whiteside, Sandra P, "Speakers’ sex differences in voice onset time: Some preliminary findings", Perceptual and Motor Skills, 85, pp.459~463 (1997)
- Whiteside, Sandra P, "Speakers’ sex differences in voice onset time: A study of isolated word production", Perceptual and Motor Skills, 86, pp.651~654 (1998)
- Whiteside, Sandra P, "Sex differences in voice onset time: A developmental study of phonetic context effects in British English", Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 116, pp.1179~1183 (2004)