일본어의 외래어수용과 표기에 관한 연구

Abstract

There are fundamental differences in the modes of accepting loanword between from Chinese and from western languages. Chinese loan words were introduced since the unliterary period and formed the basics of Japanese letters. Chinese characters had exerted decisive effects on the formation of Japanese language. And it further had huge influences on Japanese phoneme, grammar and sentence. In contrast, accepting western loan words has almost been concentrated in the field of words. Accepting words is relatively easy. Methods such as register, liberal translation, or register and liberal translation have been adopted. Chinese characters, Katakana, Hiragana were used in order to write voice and meaning. The basis of register and liberal translation was formed due to the influx of western cultures which were introduced by the chance of exchanges with Portugal and Holland in the early modern period. A large number of new words have been created by translating the imported words of western languages which flooded into Japan at high speed since the Restoration of Meiji. In respect to orthography, various methods have been utilized. In Katakana writing, there may be various kinds of writing for the same word because it only imitates the voice. Katakana writing for foreign languages is not effective in transmitting meaning. Thus Katakana writing may bring about difficulties in communication.