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中国有限责任公司股东出资瑕疵民事责任认定

Identification of Civil liability for defects of shareholders' contribution of Limited liability Company

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초록

公司是经济活动的主体,在现代市场活动中占据重要的地位,而公司资本作为公司正常运行的基础,十分重要。公司法作为对它活动的行为规范,研究的十分重要的问题之一是股东出资瑕疵问题,这也是法律实务中涉猎十分多的问题,由于主观或者客观原因,股东出资极易发生不规范现象,对交易安全造成影响。而股东、公司、债权人各自责任则是我们需要关注和研究的重点。 股东出资瑕疵关系着公司资本充实,这是公司正常稳定运作和信用的基础。研究股东出资瑕疵问题,重点论述出资瑕疵股东需要承担的责任。主要分四部分进行,第一部分通过对出资瑕疵的定义,引入各种出资瑕疵的三种重点情形进行区分论述。第二部分针对出资瑕疵的情形,对比理论界各种关于责任承担的观点,论述出资瑕疵时民事责任承担相关认定以及现阶段存在的问题。第三部分主要论述国外有关股东出资瑕疵制度先进的立法经验以及根据国外关于股东出资瑕疵制度得到的相关启示。第四部分是就相关问题提出的一些完善改进的建议。

Abstract

The company is the subject of economic activity, occupies an important position in the modern market activity, and the capital of the company is the foundation of the normal operation of the company, it is very important. As a code of conduct for its activities, the Company Law is one of the most important problems in the research, which is the problem of the shareholder’s capital contribution. The respective responsibility of the shareholders, the company and the creditor is the focus that we need to pay attention to and research. The defect of shareholder capital contribution is related to the capital enrichment of the company, which is the basis of the normal and stable operation and credit of the company. This paper studies the defects of shareholders’ capital contribution, and focuses on the responsibilities of shareholders with investment defects. Mainly divided into four parts, the first part through the definition of investment defects, the introduction of a variety of investment defects of the three key cases to distinguish and discuss. The second part, in view of the situation of capital contribution defects, compares all kinds of theoretical views on liability bearing, and discusses the related identification of civil liability bearing and the existing problems at the present stage. The third part mainly discusses the advanced legislative experience of the defect system of shareholders’ capital contribution in foreign countries and the basis of the country. Outside on the shareholder investment defects system to get the relevant enlightenment. The fourth part is on the related issues put forward some suggestions for improvement.

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