한학문신(漢學文臣)의 친림전강(親臨殿講) 제도 연구

Abstract

This study aims to explore a governmental policy called “Hanhak-Moonshin (漢學文 臣)” which is carried out by King during the Joseon Dynasty. The research tried to find out the characteristics and the meaning of the policy in what background it was activated. One of the main text this study utilized is Jeon’gang-dengrok (殿講謄錄) during King Yeong-jo (英祖) Regime. The text contains various types of Jeon’gang (殿講) for governmental officials in which they have to take oral or writing test periodically. Unlike other Jeon’gang encouraging to cultivate Confucian knowledge for the officials, this test has a relatively clear subject and purpose. It was intended to cultivate Chinese conversation skills by selecting talented officials with Chinese language skills. The subjects were selected among literati officials aged under 49. The procedures for the preparation of the test were carried out in accordance with the regulations of the policy of Jeongyung-Moonshin (專經文臣), which is an oral-test to appreciate the comprehension of Confucian books for the literati officials. Hanhak-Moonshin had to take oral tests regarding the modern Chinese language every four seasons each year. The test itself was acted as education for modern Chinese language since the officials had to prepare for the examination periodically. If they achieve high scores, they could be rewarded with horses or even to promotion. On the other hand, those who failed to the test, were given the second chance to take the test again. Joseon government actively sought in-service education for the officials by conducting regular tests. The policy of Hanhak-Moonshin played a major role in fostering Chinese communication skills of the literati officials in charge of diplomatic activities with China.