규장각 소장본 『東學書』 분석: 자료의 성격에 따른 분류를 통해

Abstract

The 『Donghakseo (東學書)』 analyzed by this thesis mainly refers to the documents which consist of the Donghak (東學) documents of Pyengan (平安) province confiscated by the officials and the documents in the case of the ‘Jashinhoe (自新會)’ in 1907, which is the collection of Gyujanggak. I analyzed this 『Donghakseo (東學書)』, which contains materials of various personalities, divided into five categories of Donghak’s scriptures, doctrine, history, rituals, and others. The first, regarding scriptures V.6 『東學聖經大典』 and V.13 『東學聖經大典』 and V.14 『東學布德修德文』 are included in 『東學書』. The second, with reference to doctrine V.7 『東學呪文解義ㆍ儀式』 and V.8 『東學內修道』 and V.15권 『東學理氣大全』 have the relating contents. V.7 contains the interpretations of ‘座箴’ and ‘八節’ in 『東學大全』 and explanation of the main doctrine, ‘守心正氣’. “家和論” and “經脈論” in this volume cannot be found in other literature. “家和論” refers to the family reconciliation of Donghak devotees, and “經脈論” refers to Gangbu (降符). The third, with reference to history 『大先生主文集』, which historically records the activities of Su-un (水雲), is included in V.2. V2 『雲水齋文集ㆍ通章』 and V.12 『東學敬通文』 also contain the documents written by the leaders of Donghak. Through these documents, we can utilize in reconstructing the history of Donghak from 1892 to 1900. The fourth, in relation to ritual V.3 『東學呪文靈符』 and V.6 『東學聖經大典』 and V.7 『東學呪文解義ㆍ儀式』 and V.15 『東學書式』ㆍ『東學靈呪』 have abundant contents. Volumes 3 and 15 contain many previously unknown spells and amulets, so we can confirm the magical nature of Donghak at that time. In addition, articles such as 「入道行實」 and 「修道映天之門」, which contain contents related to initiation ritual of Donghak, are data that can confirm how the beginners performed at that time. In V.7, it is possible to examine how the entrance ceremony was performed through documents such as 「入道式」 and 「祭需式」. Also, Tanbu (呑符), the main practice of early Donghak movements, can be examined in detail through 「祈禱呑符式」. The fifth, the parts of documents classified as others can contribute to the academic circles which related to Daejongkyo (大倧敎), which can be used as significant data for the study of the history of related field. Among them, I think that this 『Donghakseo (東學書)』 can be used as a major material for the study of Donghak, especially concerning rituals, which are the religious practices of early Donghak movements. This is because it is a document written by Donghak devotees in the Pyeongan area at that time, which gives a vivid and detailed approach to how Donghak devotees practiced their religious practices.