수분 조절이 보리와 호밀 silage의 발효특성에 미치는 영향
The Effect of Moisture Control on Fermentation Characteristics of Barley and Rye Silages
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초록
본 연구는 수분함량에 따른 보리와 호밀 silage의 발효특성을 평가하기 위하여 수행하였다. 보리와 호밀의 수분함량은 수분첨가 또는 예건을 통해 50%, 65% 및 80%로 조절하였다. 보리 silage의 pH와 Lactate: Acetate 비율은 저수분 처리구 (4.54와 6.23), 호밀 silage에서는 중수분 처리구 (4.33과 9.24)가 가장 높았다. 보리 silage의 propionate 함량은 저수분 처리구가 고수분 처리구에 비해 높았으나, 보리와 호밀 silage의 lactate, 총휘발성지방산 및 acetate 함량은 고수분 처리구가 저수분 처리구에 비해 높았다. 보리 silage의 total-N 함량은 중수분 처리구가 저수분 처리구에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 호밀 silage는 저수분 처리구가 타 처리구에 비해 높았다. 보리 silage의 NH3-N 함량과 total-N:NH3-N 비율은 고수분 처리구가 높게 나타났다. 보리와 호밀 silage의 buffering capacity는 수분 함량이 높을수록 증가하였으나, pH가 높을수록 감소하였다. 보리와 호밀 silage의 수분 함량은 pH와는 부 (-)의 상관관계를 나타내었으나, 휘발성지방산과 NH3-N 함량 및 total-N중 NH3-N 비율과는 정 (+)의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과에서 보리와 호밀 silage 제조를 위한 적정 수분함량은 70~80%로 확인되었으며, 사료작물의 수분을 60%까지로 예건하는 것은 silage 품질 저하를 초래할 수 있는 것으로 사료된다.
Abstract
This study examined the effect of moisture level at ensiling on fermentation characteristics of barley and rye silages. The moisture levels, 60 (low; LM), 70(medium; MM) and 80% (high; HM), were controled by adding water or pre-wilting. Barley silage had higher pH and latate:acetate ratio in LM than the other treatments, but those of rye in MM were higher. The concentrations of lactate, total FA and acetate in HM were higher than the other treatments, but propionate concentration in LM was higher than HM. Total N concentrations of barley and rye were highest in MM and LM, respectively. The NH3-N concentration and total N:NH3-N ratio of barley were higher in HM than those in LM and MM. With increasing moisture content, buffering capacity of barley and rye silages increased, whereas decreased by increase of pH. There was a negative correlation between moisture content vs. pH of barley and rye silages. However, moisture content vs. the concentrations of total VFA and NH3-N and the ratio of total N:NH3-N had a positive correlation. In conclusion, the ideal moisture content of barley and rye for silage was 70-80%, but silage quality could be rapidly decreased by pre-wilting to 60% moisture content.
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