흑피부색 돼지의 착색 원인 규명을 위한 MC1R, KIT 및 ASIP 유전자 분석
Molecular Genetic Analysis of MC1R, KIT, and ASIP to Elucidate the Cause of Black Skin Pig
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일반적으로 돼지는 어떤 종류의 모색을 가지든 피부는 연분홍색을 띄는 것으로 알려져 있으나, 경남 김해 H 육가공회사로 출하된 개체 중 흑모색에 검은색 피부를 가진 돼지가 발견되었다. 그 원인을 규명하고자, 모색과 연관되어 있다고 알려진 MC1R, KIT 유전자와 피부색과 연관되어 있다고 알려진 ASIP 유전자의 특징을 살펴보았다. MC1R의 sequencing 분석 결과, 아미노산 67, 68번째 자리의 6개 염기 C(CCC CCC)는 Hampshire와 동일한 ED2/ED2 유전자형인 것으로 밝혀졌고, KIT의 경우 qOLA_CNV, Pyro_Splice 및 sequencing 분석한 결과, Duroc의 i/i 유전자형과 같은 유전자형으로 밝혀졌다. ASIP의 경우 염기서열을 분석한 결과, 모든 종에서 차이가 없는 것으로 확인되었다. 유연관계 분석을 위해 Phase software와 network 분석을 실시한 결과, MC1R은 Hap22와 Hap23이, KIT는 Hap22, Hap43과 유색종과 유연관계를 형성하는 것으로 확인되었다. 반면에 ASIP는 Hap04, Hap09이 야생멧돼지와 중국재래돼지를 제외한 품종들과의 유연관계를 확인할 수 있었다. 더 나아가 각 품종 간 유사성 분석을 위해 PCA를 실시한 결과, MC1R은 Berkshire, KIT는 Berkshire와 Hampshire가 유사성을 가지는 것으로 밝혀졌고, ASIP는 Berkshire 와 Duroc의 유사성을 관찰할 수 있었다.
Abstract
In general, the skin color of pig is known as light pink regardless of its coat color. However, we found a black coat colored pig with black skin color. To investigate the genetic background of the black skin color, we extracted genomic DNA from the muscle tissue sample of the black skin colored pig and performed molecular genetic analysis using MC1R, KIT, and ASIP. As for MC1R, sequence analysis together with identified amino acid of 67, 68 codons revealed that the genotyping of MC1R was ED2/ED2, which is the same genotype as Hampshire. As for KIT, qOLA_CNV, Pyro_Splice, and sequence analysis revealed that the genotyping of KIT is i/i, which is same genotype of Duroc. As for ASIP, sequence analysis revealed that no difference was found in all breeds. Results of the Phase program and network analysis showed that MC1R had the haplotype of Hap22 and Hap23, and KIT had the haplotype of Hap22 and Hap43. These genes have formed a relationship of colored trait. On the other hand, ASIP had the haplotype of Hap04 and Hap09, all breeds except for Korean wild boar and Chinese native pig have been formed a relationship. Furthermore, the result of the principal component analysis for sequence similarity of each breed, the MC1R sequence of the black skinned pig was similar to the sequence of the Berkshire and KIT sequence of the black skinned pig was found to be similar to Berkshire and Hampshire. but no similarity was found in ASIP. Therefore, no specific sequence variation between MC1R, KIT, and ASIP genes was observed in relation to the black skinned pig.
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