간척지에서 헤어리베치와 밀 혼파재배에 따른 녹비 생산성 증진 효과
Effect of Mixed Sowing of Hairy Vetch and Wheat on Green Manure Yield in a Reclaimed Land
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본 연구는 간척지에서 밀과 헤어리베치 혼파에 따른 녹비 생산성 향상 구명을 위하여 수행하였다. 새만금간척지에서 동계 녹비작물 헤어리베치와 밀 혼파 재배시 관행구(헤어리베치 30 kg ha-1)와 혼파구는관행구 대비 헤어리베치 40%감축(헤어리베치 20+ 밀 50 kg ha-1), 40%증량(헤어리베치 40+ 밀 50 kgha-1), 100%증량(헤어리베치 60+ 밀 50 kg ha-1) 하여 각각 파종하고 토양화학성, 생육 및 생산성을 검토한 결과는 다음과 같다. 공시토양은 유기물, 유효인산 함량이 적었으며 치환성마그네슘 및 나트륨 함량이 많은 약산성 염류토양 이었다. 생육은 혼파 재배에서 양호하였고, 초장은 관행 (101cm) 대비 30∼44% 길었으며 경직경은 관행 (2.75mm) 대비 19∼26% 두꺼웠다. 식물체 중 무기양분 함량은 혼파 재배시 질소, 인산, 가리 함량이 증가하고 탄소 함량이 감소하는 경향을 나타냈다. 질소생산성은 단파구 (90kg ha-1)에 비하여 혼파구에서 94∼107 kg ha-1 로 많은 반면에 탄질률은 단파구 (14.6)에 비하여 혼파구에서 12.8∼14.2로 낮았다. 생초수량은 헤어리베치 단파구 (18,790 kg ha-1)에 비하여 헤어리베치와밀 혼파구에서 18,740∼22,080 kg ha-1로, 건물수량은 헤어리베치 단파구 (3,120 kg ha-1)에 비하여 헤어리베치와 밀 혼파구에서 3,110∼3,650 kg ha-1로 나타났다. 따라서 새만금 간척지에서 두과 녹비작물헤어리베치와 밀의 혼파로 높은 질소 생산성 및 낮은 탄질률로 녹비효과 증진과 혼파재배로 농업생태계다양화 및 유휴 농경지 녹색경관 조성을 기대할 수 있었다.
Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the increment effect of mixed sowing of hairy vetch andwheat on productivity of green manure crops(GMC) in a reclaimed land. Plots which were consistedof hairy vetch alone (30 kg ha-1) and mixed sowing of hairy vetch and wheat with the 20 kg ha-1,40 kg ha-1, and 60 kg ha-1 of hairy vetch for 50 kg ha-1 of wheat. Soil chemical property, growthand yield potential of GMC were examined. The soil was slightly acidic and saline and the contentsof organic matter and available phosphate were low, while exchangeable sodium and magnesiumions were relatively higher. By maintaining salinity below of 0.1% during cultivation of wintercrops, the growth status of GMC was appeared to be good in mixed sowing cultivation (MSC). And the plant height was 30∼44% longer than single sowing cultivation (SSC, 101 ㎝), and the diameter was 19∼26% thicker than that of the SSC (2.75 ㎜). The nutrients such as nitrogen,phosphate, and potassium of GMC were increased with decreased content of carbon in MSC. Thenitrogen productivity was increased by 94.0∼107.0 kg ha-1 in MSC compared to SSC (90.0 kgha-1), while the carbon-nitrogen ratio was decreased to 12.8∼14.2 in MSC compared to SSC (14.6). The fresh matter yield of GMC showed 18,740∼22,080 kg ha-1 in MSC compared to those of SSC(18,790 kg ha-1). The dry matter yield of GMC ranged from 3,110 to 3,650 kg ha-1 in MSCcompared to that in SSC (3,120 kg ha-1). Therefore, we could conclude that the diversification ofagricultural ecosystems and green manure composition of idle farmland could be enhanced by theapplication of green manure with mixing cultivation and the mixtures of wheat with GMC as wellas hairy vetch for high nitrogen productivity and low carbon-nitrogen ratio in reclaimed land.
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