부레옥잠의 열풍건조 특성
Heated-Air Drying Characteristics of Water Hyacinth
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초록
대량생산이 가능하여 바이오매스로서 활용가능이 큰 부레옥잠의 수확 후 건조 장치를 개발하기 위한열풍건조 특성을 분석하였다. 수확 후 절단된 원료의 경우 수분과 원료 고형분이 혼합된 죽처럼 형상화되어 공극이 불량하여 통풍건조가 불가능하였다. 절단하지 않은 원료는 공극이 비교적 잘 형성되어통풍건조가 가능하였으며, 풍량 2 수준(33.53 m3/min, 42.58 m3/min) 건조공기 온도 3 수준(26 ∼28℃, 30 ∼ 32℃, 34 ∼ 37℃)으로 건조실험을 수행한 결과 건조속도는 건조공기 온도에 많은 영향을받았으며, 부레옥잠 열분해 처리를 위한 함수율을 약 20%로 가정할 경우, 가장 적합한 건조방식은 풍량 42.58 m3/min, 건조공기온도 37℃, 풍량비 1.05 m3/min-kg인 열풍 Ⅱ 건조 방식임을 알 수 있다. 따라서 향 후 개발되는 부레옥잠 건조용 건조 장치를 설계하는 경우 건조공기온도 약 40℃ 이상, 풍량비 약 1.05 m3/min-kg 이상을 기준으로 송풍량과 공기가열 히터 용량을 결정하면 건조속도 5%/hr 이상, 최종건조함수율 20% 이하로 부레옥잠을 건조하는 것이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다.
Abstract
As worldwide concerns about global warming due to the emissions of CO2 and othergreenhouse gas have increased, interest in using biomass for energy is on the rise. Waterhyacinth(Eichhornia crassipes) is a perennial aquatic plant native to tropical and sub-tropicalSouth America, and it takes between 6 and 28 days to double in weight, and between 4 and58 days to double in numbers; 2 million plants per ha that weigh 270 ∼ 400 tons. The plantgrows so fast without any additional supply of nourishment at 20℃ water, so it can be grownat the reservoirs from April to October in Korea. Thus, the water hyacinth can be a goodsubstitute of wood in terms of price if the heating value is improved by torrefaction. This study investigated the heated-air drying characteristics of water hyacinth for developmentof a dryer to reduce the moisture efficiently. Water hyacinth was dried with three levels of airtemperature settings(26 ∼ 28℃, 30 ∼ 32℃, 34 ∼ 37℃) and two air flow rate settings((33.53m3/min, 42.58 m3/min) with cut and uncut materials. As a results, water hyacinth could be driedbelow 20% of moisture content under the condition of 5 %/hr of drying rate, 40℃ of dryingair temperature, and 1.05 m3/min-kg of specific airflow rate.
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