기공과 엽육세포 형태 및 생화학적 지표를 통한 내건성 식물선발
Selection of drought tolerant plants by stomatal, leaf mesophyll, and biochemical indicators
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초록
25수종의 식물로부터 기공 및 생화학적 인자분석을 통한 내건성 식물을 선발하였다. 25수종의 기공의수는 맑은대쑥이 120개로 가장 많았고, 매듭풀, 뽕나무, 꽃향유 순으로 나타났다. 기공의 둘레와 기공의 면적은 기공의 수와 상반되는 경향을 보였다. 소리쟁이, 개기장, 새는 기공의 수가 적었지만 기공둘레와 면적이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 엽육세포조직을 관찰한 결과 내건성 수종인 참느릅나무 잎은 건조민감성인 까실쑥부쟁이에 비해 책상조직이 발달한 모양이었다. 내건성이 강한 수종인 참느릅나무는 까실쑥부쟁이에 비해 큐티클층이 잘 발달된 형태였다. 건조 고사일수가 가장 길었던 비수리는 건조 전 후의proline함량은 약간 증가하였지만, 각시취는 건조처리 전의 함량(0.122mg/0.1g FW)에 비해 건조 후의함량(0.563mg/0.1g FW)이 크게 증가하였다. 환원당 함량도 건조에 따라 증가하였는데, 꽃개오동이 가장 높았고, 차풀, 참느릅나무, 도깨비바늘 순이었다. 기공과 엽육조직형태, proline과 환원당과 같은 생화학적 인자는 내건성 수종을 선발하는 지표임이 판명되었다. 본 연구에서 선발된 수종은 훼손지 복원등에 널리 이용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.
Abstract
Drought tolerant species from 26 Korean native plants were selected using different stoma,leaf mesophyll, and biochemocal indicators. The largest number of stoma was founded inArtemisia keiskeana and the numbers of stoma in Kummerowia striata, Morus alba, Elsholtziaciliata were larger than the others. The circumference and area of leaf stoma were inverselyrelated to the number of stoma. Rumex crispus, Panicurr bisulcatum, and Arundinella hirta werea few in stoma number, but they were largest in circumference and stoma area. In observingleaf mesophyll tissues, palisade parenchyma in Ulmus parvifolia was well developed even indrought tolerant species compare to Aster ageratoides, a drought sensitive species. Cuticle layerin Ulmus parvifolia was thicker than that of Aster ageratoides. After stopping of irrigation, proline content of Lespedeza cuneata was somewhat increased but, Saussurea pulchella wasdramatically increased. Contents of reducing sugar was highest in Catalpa bignonioides. Prolineand reducing sugar content were both increased when drought stressed out. Stoma and leafmesophyll tissue shapes, biochemical indics as proline and reducing sugar content are proven ascritical factors to selection for drought tolerance plants. These results could be used torestoration of damaged land.
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