수치해석을 통한 소형풍력 블레이드(NACA-4418)에 대한 풍특성 분석
An Analysis for Wind Characteristics of Small Wind Turbine Blade(NACA-4418) by means of Computational Fluid Dynamics
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초록
본 연구는 고풍속일 때, 소형 풍력 발전기의 블레이드 풍특성 및 설계를 목적으로 한다. 익형의 형상이 NACA-4418인 경우에 관한 양력과 항력의 특성에 대해 2차원의 전산유체 해석을 실시하였다. 그결과, 풍속 35m/s(타워 높이, 에서의 풍속값)이고 블레이드의 받음각이 3°인 경우 항력과 양력계수는 각각 0.013, 0.44로 도출되었다. 수치 해석을 통하여 결과를 얻은 양력 및 항력 계수와 설계 변수인 블레이드 개수, 주속 비, 블레이드 길이를 가정하여 적절한 블레이드 형상을 설계하였다. 본 연구를 토대로 추후 다양한 조건을 가진 레이놀즈 수와 공력계수(양력계수 및 항력계수)에 대한 변화를 주어 파라메터릭 테스트 연구가 지속적으로 필요하다. 또한 블레이드의 받음각 변화와 블레이드에 대한안전성 평가를 위하여 풍압계수와 풍압분포의 풍하중 특성에 따른 연구가 요구된다.
Abstract
This study aims to observe the wind load characteristics around two-dimensional rotor bladeof small wind turbine under high wind speed. The CFD analysis on the blade shape ofNACA-4418 is performed to understand the wind load(i.e., drag and lift coefficient). In theresults, the drag and lift coefficient were estimated to be 0.013, 0.44, respectively, at the windspeed 35m/s(wind speed at the height of wind tower, ) and angle of attack 3°. Byusing the lift, drag coefficient and the appropriate assumption of the blade length, the numberof blade and the tip speed ratio(TSR), the proper blade shape was obtained. On the base of thisbasic study, various conditions for Reynolds number and aerodynamic analysis including angleof attack according to parametric test need to study more in the future. Also assessment for theblade need to study safety on wind pressure coefficient and distribution according to windcharacteristics.
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