작물의 침수스트레스 저항성 및 회피전략
Flooding Tolerance Mechanism in Plants
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초록
지구기후가 이산화탄소 배출 증가로 인해 급격하게 변화하고 있는 추세이고, 이러한 급격한 기후 변화는 농경지 염류직접, 농경지 침수, 고온 및 저온과 같은 농업 기상의 다양한 변화를 야기하고 있다. 여러 환경스트레스 중에서 농경지 침수는 경작지 내 과도한 수분 유입으로 인해 유도되게 된다. 특히많은 과학자들은 탄소 배출 증가로 인한 기후변화로 인해 집중호우가 지금보다 더 자주 발생할 것으로예상되고 있기 때문에 농경지의 침수로 인한 농작물의 피해는 점점 더 증가할 것으로 예상하고 있다. 침수로 인한 스트레스에 대한 식물의 취약성 및 저항성 메커니즘에는 중요한 변화가 있다. 그러므로 이런 침수스트레스 문제에 대응하기 위해서 침수저항성 메커니즘과 관련된 다양한 연구가 수행중이다. 침수저항성이 높은 작물을 생산하기 위해서는 침수 스트레스의 여러 요인을 연구하는 것뿐만 아니라 어떻게 식물이 침수스트레스 요인을 감지하고 대응하는 방법을 이해해야 한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 침수스트레스 저항성과 관련된 것으로 보고된 작물의 형태적, 생리적, 유전자적 변화에 대해서 소개하고 이를 통해 작물의 침수저항성 메커니즘에 대한 이해를 돕기 위해 내용을 정리하였다.
Abstract
Overall, the earth circumstance is rapidly changing due to increasing carbon dioxideconsuming, thus it is causing various changes of agricultural climate such as soil salinity, soildrought, soil flooding, high and low temperature etc. Among them, soil flooding is caused byexcess water inflow into the farmland. In particular, many scientists anticipated that damage ofvarious crops will increase more and more due to soil flooding because, heavy rainfall isexpected to occur more frequently due to climate change and increased carbon emissions. Thereis a significant variation in plants vulnerability and tolerance mechanism to flooding stress. Therefore, various studies related with flooding tolerance mechanism have been conducting toresponse various problems of flooding stress. In order to produce flooding resistant high yieldingcrop, it is necessary not only to study the various factors of flooding stress but also tounderstand that how plants sense and respond to that flooding stress causing factors. Therefore,this manuscript introduces as well as summarizes various morphological, physiological andgenetic changes of the crops related to flooding stress resistance to help understand themechanism of flooding resistance of crops.
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