산지별 마늘의 화학성분 및 항균활성
Chemical components and antimicrobial activity of garlics from diefferent cultivated area
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초록
마늘을 각종 기능성 식품 재료로 이용하기 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 산지별 마늘의 화학성분 및 항균활성을 조사하였다. 색도 중 L값은 53.41∼57.15, a값은 -3.49∼-4.38 및 b값은 11.47∼17.55였으며, 일반성분 중 수분, 조단백질, 조지방, 가용성 무질소물, 조섬유 및 회분 함량은 각각 65.24∼71.96, 6.24∼9.35, 0.21∼0.49, 19.01∼22.72, 0.58∼0.95 및 1.01∼2.01%로 나타났다. 산지별 마늘의 주요 무기성분으로는 Na, Mg, K, Ca 및 P였으며, 그 함량은 각각 27.22∼112.03, 18.17∼32.56, 242.16∼569.28, 28.60∼63.93 및 117.72∼265.21 mg%였고, 유리당은 sucrose, glucose 및 fructose였다. 마늘은 17종의 아미노산이 분석되었으며, 그 중 proline, arginine, glutamic acid 및 aspartic acid가 주요 아미노산으로 나타났고, 총 아미노산 함량은 2,709.33∼4,561.04 mg%이었다. 비타민 C 함량은 2.966∼8.673 mg%이었다. 산지별 마늘의 주요 지방산으로는 linoleic acid, oleic acid 및 palmitic acid였으며, 불포화지방산이 72.18∼74.35%였고, 포화지방산은 25.65∼27.82%였다. 산지별 마늘 물 추출물을 이용하여 항균활성을 측정한 결과, 농도 의존적으로 그램 음성 및 양성 모든 세균에서 높은 항균활성을 보였다.
Abstract
The chemical components and antimicrobial activities of garlic from different area were investigated and analyzed to provide basic data for functional food materialization and processing. Hunter's values of garlic from different area were L 53.41∼57.15, a -3.49∼-4.38 and b 11.47∼17.55. The moisture, crude protein, crude fat, nitrogen free extract, crude fiber and ash were 65.24∼71.96, 6.24∼9.35, 0.21∼0.49, 19.01∼22.72, 0.58∼0.95 and 1.01∼2.01%, respectively. The major minerals of garlic from different area were Na(27.22∼112.03), Mg(18.17∼32.56), K(242.16∼569.28), Ca(28.60∼63.93), P(117.72∼265.21 mg%) and major free sugars were sucrose, glucose and fructose. The major amino acids of garlic from different area were proline, arginine, glutamic acid and aspartic acid and content of total amino acid was 2,709.33∼4,561.04 mg%. The ascorbic acid content of garlic from different area was 2.966∼8.673 mg%. Composition of fatty acids of garlic from different area were linoleic acid, oleic acid and palmitic acid, unsaturated fatty acid and saturated fatty acid contents were 72.18∼74.35 and 25.65∼27.82%, respectively. Antimicrobial activities of garlic extracts as different area increased depends on concentration and showed the high antimicrobial activities against Gram(+) and Gram(-).
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