에너지원 활용을 위한 케나프의 연료특성 평가 및 반탄화를 통한 연료품질 개선
Evaluation of Fuel Characteristics of Kenaf for Energy Source Utilization and Fuel Quality Improvement through Torrefaction
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초록
지구온난화 완화를 위한 노력이 전 세계적으로 계속되고 있는 가운데 우리나라는 2030년 온실가스 배출량을 Business As Usual (BAU) 대비37% 감축하는 목표를 설정하고 이산화탄소 순 배출 제로 달성을 목표로 하는 ‘2050탄소중립 시나리오’를 발표하였다. 이러한 상황에서 케나프(Kenaf)는 높은 탄소흡수율과 빠른 성장으로 인해 대체 해결방안으로 제안된다. 시료선정에 대한 분석결과, 케나프 잎은 질소 함량이 높아 적합하지않은 것으로 나타났고, 줄기와 잎-줄기 혼합 케나프는 Biomass-Solid Refuse Fuel (Bio-SRF) 등급을 충족했다. Bio-SRF 등급을 만족하였지만, Bio-SRF 등급으로 이용할 수 있는 활용처가 뚜렷하지 않다. 따라서 케나프의 연료품질을 반탄화 공정을 통해 개선하여 보다 효율적으로 활용하고자한다. 반탄화 공정의 공시재료로 줄기만 사용하는 것보다 시료 이용률이 높은 잎-줄기 혼합 케나프를 선택하였다. 반탄화 공정은 여섯가지의 공정온도 (200·210·220·230·240·250℃)와 다른 세 가지 공정 시간(20·30·40 min)에서 수행되었다. 반탄화 공정결과, 공정시간이 길수록 230℃, 240℃, 250℃ 온도에서 질량감소가 크기 때문에 에너지수율이 낮았다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 200℃·20 min, 200℃·30 min, 210℃·20 min, 220℃·20 min의 에너지 수율이 높고 질량감소가 작아 최적 반탄화 공정 조건으로 선정하였다.
Abstract
While efforts to mitigate global warming are continuing around the world, Korea has set a target of reducing greenhouse gas emissions by 37% compared to Business As Usual (BAU) in 2030 and announced a “2050 carbon-neutrality scenario” that aims to achieve carbon dioxide emission net zero. In this situation, Kenaf has been proposed as one of alternative solution due to its high carbon absorption rate and fast growth rate. Based on the analysis results for selecting the sample, kenaf leaves were not suitable due to their high nitrogen content. Kenaf stems and leaf-stem Mixture kenaf were met Biomass-Solid Refuse Fuel (Bio-SRF) grade. Although the Bio-SRF grade was met, it was not clearly mentioned to be used. Therefore, the kenaf fuel quality was improved by the torrefaction process for beteer efficiency. As a test material for torrefaction process, leaf-stem Mixture kenaf was selected for higher material usage rate than only use stem. The torrefaction process was conducted at 6 different temperatures (200·210·220·230·240·250°C) and 3 different times (20·30·40 min). As a result of torrefaction process longer the time, the energy yield was low under the temperature at 230°C, 240°C, and 250°C due to a large decrease in mass. Therefore, in this study, 200℃ 20min, 200℃ 30min, 210℃ 20min, 220℃ 20min were selected as the optimal torrefaction conditions with high energy yield and low mass loss.
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