새만금 간척농업용지 전작화 계획변경에 따른 오염부하량 영향분석
Assessment of Pollutant Loads Considering the Land-use Scenarios for Reclaimed Agricultural Land in Saemangeum
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초록
국내 최대 간척지인 새만금 방조제 내부에는 간척토지 28,300ha가 조성되어 있으며 이 중 30% 용지를 농업용지로 활용하는 계획이 수립되었다. 농업용지의 토지이용 계획이 당초 수도작 운영계획에서 전작 위주 토지이용 계획으로 변경되면서 논과 밭은 영농 및 용수체계가 다르므로 이에대한 용수체계 및 유입 부하량 변화에 연구가 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 전작화에 따라 새만금 농업용지 특성에 부합하는 작부체계를 고려하여수도작 대비 오염부하 배출량을 비교·분석하고자 하였다. 새만금 농생명용지 토지이용계획 및 이에 따른 작부·용수체계를 반영하기 위해 농업용지의특성에 부합하는 합리적인 작부시나리오를 제안하였으며 이를 적용하여 최신 구축된 HSPF 모델링시스템을 적용하여 평가하였다. 주요 결과로는전작운영 여건을 고려하여 새만금 지역의 기상조건에 적합한 작부체계 시나리오를 고안하여 채소작물, 사료작물, 식량작물로 구성된 이모작 작부체계를 제안하였다. 또한, 제안된 작부체계를 반영하여 새만금 농생명 용지 전작화에 따른 수도작 대비 오염부하 배출량을 비교한 결과 BOD와 TN농도는 증가하지만 배출부하량은 감소하고, TP의 경우 농도와 부하량 모두 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구의 결과는 새만금 농생명용지 토지이용구상에 따른 오염부하량 산정을 통한 새만금호 수질환경문제와 경제성을 고려한 합리적이고 지속가능한 토지이용계획을 수립할 수 있으며, 새만금호수질보전을 위한 유역관리대책의 정밀한 평가 보완필요성 검토를 위한 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.
Abstract
The internal area of the Saemangeum Reservoir, the largest reclamation site in South Korea, encompasses 28,300 ha of reclaimedland, with plans to utilize 30% of this area for agricultural purposes. Originally, the land use plan focused on paddy, but it has sinceshifted to upland, necessitating research on the corresponding changes in agricultural and water management systems and the associatedpollutant load variations. Therefore, we aimed to compare and analyze pollutant discharge quantities in the Saemangeum agriculturalland, considering changes in land use plans due to land reclamation. In this study, we tried to compare and analyze pollution loademissions compared to paddy in consideration of the cropping system that meets the characteristics of Saemangeum agricultural landaccording to the upland. In order to reflect the Saemangeum agricultural life land use plan and the resulting cropping and water system,a reasonable cropping scenario suitable for the characteristics of agricultural land was proposed, and the latest HSPF modeling systemwas applied and evaluated. As a main result, a cropping system scenario suitable for the weather conditions in the Saemangeum area was devised in consideration of the upland operation conditions, and a cropping system consisting of vegetable crops, forage crops,and food crops was proposed. In addition, as a result of comparing the pollution load emissions compared to the paddy due to theoperation of the Saemangeum agricultural life site by reflecting the proposed cropping system, it was found that the BOD and TNconcentration increased, but the emission load decreased, and in the case of TP, both the concentration and the load increased. Theresults of this study are expected to be utilized as fundamental data for the precise assessment of watershed management measuresfor Saemangeum Lake's water quality conservation.
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