위험기피도 및 성격속성의 남녀 간 성별 차이에 관한 실험 연구
Gender Difference in Risk Attitudes and Personality Traits - An Experimental Study
0
조회
0
다운로드
5
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
본 연구에서는 국내 대학생들을 대상으로 한 실험연구를 통해 위험기피도의 성별차이를 살펴본다. 본 연구의 결과는 여성이 남성이 비해 유의한 수준으로 더 위험기피적인 반면, 이러한 위험기피도의 성별차이는 성격속성의 성별차이에 의해 기인하고 있음을 보여준다. 특히 성격속성 중 새로운 경험에 대한 개방성에서의 유의한 성별차이가 위험기피도의 성별차이를 발생시키는 가장 중요한 요인임을 발견하였다. 본 연구의 이러한 결과는 남녀 간 성별차이를 분석하는 다양한 사회과학 연구에서 성격속성을 고려하는 것이 필요함을 보여줌과 동시에 성격형성기의 적절한 인적자원 교육이 사회경제적 성별차이를 감소시킬 수 있는 의미 있는 방안이 될 수 있는 가능성이 있음을 보여준다.
Abstract
We in this study investigate by a laboratory experiment with Korean undergraduates whether a gender difference in risk attitudes exists and which individual factors contributes to the gender difference in risk attitudes if it exists. Our results show that there is a gender difference in risk attitudes. That is, women tend to be more risk averse than men. However, this difference is mainly due to the gender difference in some personality traits. We find that openness is the most important personality trait which brings about the gender difference in risk attitudes. These results suggest that superficial gender difference in risk attitudes may be rooted at a difference in more fundamental personality traits, and hence, that a social scientist investigating gender difference should carefully consider individual personality.
참고문헌 (43)
- 박범조, "Cheap Talk으로 제시된 비대칭 정보와 위험회피 성향, 그리고 불확실성 하에서의 의사결정 시간: 실험경제학적 접근", 보험금융연구, 26(3), pp.57~93 (2015), 보험연구원
- 손희전, "청년층의 BIG5 성격 특성", HRD Review (2013)
- 유희경, "외식기업 종업원의 Big 5 성격요인, 조직지원인식과 고객성과의 관계분석", 호텔경영학연구, 16(5), pp.201~219 (2007), 한국호텔외식관광경영학회
- 유희경, "패밀리레스토랑 종업원의 성격요인, 조직응집성, 조직성과의 관계 분석", 관광학연구, 31(5), pp.9~28 (2007), 한국관광학회
- 이수창, "지방공무원 개인성격 유형이 직무만족에 미치는 영향 분석", 한국지방자치연구, 11(1), pp.69~88 (2009), 대한지방자치학회
- 이종승, "직업 역량 관련 인성검사 개발을 위한 구인 탐색", 교육학연구, 50(4), pp.221~243 (2012), 한국교육학회
- 홍성두, "학습장애 위험군 청소년들의 성격 특성 탐색 연구 -Big 5 성격 요인을 중심으로-", 학습장애연구, 8(1), pp.25~42 (2011), 한국학습장애학회
- 황형태, "대학수학능력시험 통계자료를 활용한 성별 학력특성 비교", Journal of The Korean Data Analysis Society, 11(2), pp.1015~1026 (2009), 한국자료분석학회
- 황욱, "Gender Differences in Risk Attitudes in Hypothetical and Real Financial Decisions: An Experimental Investigation", Journal of The Korean Data Analysis Society, 15(5), pp.2379~2393 (2013), 한국자료분석학회
- 강승희, "교직이수 대학생의 학년과 성별에 따른 비판적 사고 기능과 사고성향의 차이", Journal of The Korean Data Analysis Society, 11(4), pp.2219~2232 (2009), 한국자료분석학회
- Bajtelsmit, V. L, "Positioning Pensions for the Twenty-First Century" (1997), University of Pennsylvania Press
- Brinig, M. F, "Does mediation systematically disadvantage women?", William and Mary Journal of Women and Law, 2 (1995)
- Caliendo, M, "Personality characteristics and the decision to become and stay self-employed", IZA DP, 5566 (2011)
- Costa, P. T, "Odessa" (1992), Psychological Assessment Resources
- Costa, P. T., Jr, "Gender differences in personality traits across cultures : Robust and surprising findings", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81 (2001)
- Croson. R, "Gender differences in preferences", Journal of Economic Literature, 47(2) (2009)
- Measuring risk attitudes controlling for personality traits, "Deck, C", Department of Economics, Florida International University, ~ (2008)
- Dohmen, T, "Are risk aversion and impatience related to cognitive ability?", American Economic Review, 1000(3) (2010)
- Dwyer, P. D, "Gender differences in revealed risk taking : evidence from mutual fund investors", Economics Letters, 76(2) (2002)
- Eckel, C. C, "Sex differences and statistical stereotyping in attitudes toward financial risk", Evolution and Human Behavior, 23(4) (2002)
- Eckel, C. C, "The Handbook of Experimental Economics Results" (2008), North-Holland
- Gneezy, U, "Gender differences in competition :Evidence from a matrilineal and a patriarchal society", Econometrica, 77(5) (2009)
- Gosling, S. D, "A very brief measure of the Big Five personality domains", Journal of Research in Personality, 37 (2003)
- Harbaugh, W. T, "Risk attitudes of children and adults : Choices over small and large probability gains and losses", Experimental Economics, 5(1) (2002)
- Harrison, G. W, "Risk aversion and incentive effects : Comment", American Economic Review, 95(3) (2005)
- Henrich, J, "Are peasants risk-averse decision makers?", Current Anthropology, 42 (2002)
- Hey, J. D, "Do subjects separate (or are they sophisticated)", Experimental Economics, 8(3) (2005)
- Holt, C. A, "Risk aversion and incentive effects", American Economic Review, 92(5) (2002)
- Johnson, J. E. V, "Decision making, risk and gender : Are managers different?", British Journal of Management, 5 (1994)
- Kowert, P. A, "Who takes risks? Daring and caution in foreign policy making", Journal of Conflict Resolution, 41(5) (1997)
- Lauriola, M, "Personality traits and risky decision-making in a controlled experimental task : An exploratory study", Personality and Individual Differences, 31 (2001)
- Le, A, "Attitudes towards economic risk and the gender pay gap", IZA DP, 5393 (2010)
- Lee, J, "The effect of the background risk in a simple chance improving decision model", Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, 36 (2008)
- Levin, I. P, "The interaction of experimental and situational factors and gender in a simulated risky decision-making task", Journal of Psychology, 122 (1988)
- Robert R. McCrae, "Cross-Cultural Research on the Five-Factor Model of Personality", Online Readings in Psychology and Culture, 4(4) (2002), Grand Valley State University Libraries[DOI]
- McCrae, R. R, "Personality trait structure as a human universal", American Psychologist, 52(5) (1997)
- Nicholson, N, "Domain specific risk taking and personality", Journal of Risk Research, 8(2) (2005)
- Paunonen, S. V, "Big Five factors and the prediction of behavior", Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81 (2001)
- Schubert, R, "Financial decision-making : Are women really more risk averse?", American Economic Review, 89 (1999)
- Starmer, C, "Does the random lottery incentive system elicit true preferences? An experimental investigation", American Economic Review, 81 (1991)
- Sunden, A. E, "Gender differences in allocation of assets in retirement savings plans", American Economic Review, 88 (1998)
- Vieider, F. M, "Within-versus between-country differences in risk attitudes : Implications for cultural comparisons", Theory and Decision, 78(2) (2015)
- Weber, E. U, "A domain-specific risk-attitude scale : Measuring risk perceptions and risk behaviors", Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 15 (2002)