자기자본비율 변동에 대응한 은행의 대출조정
The Adjustment of Bank Loans Responding to the Change of Bank Capital
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본 연구에서는 우리나라 일반은행 재무자료를 이용하여 자기자본비율이 은행 대출 변화에 미친 영향을 분석해 보았다. 부분조정모형에 기초하여 설정한 연립방정식을 통해 분석한 결과 우리나라 일반은행들은 자기자본비율이 규제수준에 비해 높을수록 대출자산비율을 증가시키는 경향이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 우리나라 일반은행들은 자기자본을 확충하는 경우 대출을 동시에 확대하는 경향이 있는 것으로 드러났다. 신협약이 도입되면 자기자본비율이 현행협약 하에서보다 더 큰 폭으로 변동할 것이라는 점을 감안할 때, 은행들이 자기자본비율 변동에 민감하게 반응하여 대출을 조정한다는 분석결과는 신협약 하에서 은행대출의 경기동행성이 현행협약 하에서 보다 강화될 것임을 시사한다.
Abstract
Based on balance sheet data, we analyze characteristics of Korean banks' portfolio allocation and capital structure as well. Our study focuses on banks' response to the change in capital ratio that banks face. We test whether those banks facing the drop of capital ratio tend to hold lower share of loans over their total assets than one would expect.We find support for the impact of low capital ratio on the contraction of loan share. It also holds after simultaneous changes in other items - such as core capital, supplementary capital, and risk-weighted asset - are controlled. This paper presents the empirical evidence that the shortfall in capital below regulatory requirement influences the portfolio composition of a bank in Korea. These results suggest that the pro-cyclicality of bank loans is likely to be escalated when the New Basel Capital Accord is adopted in Korea.
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