麗宋時期 해상교류에 있어 닝보항[寧波港]과 저우산군도[舟山群島]의 관계

Abstract

The time that Ningbo port thrived at its peak was in Song Dynasty and seaborne trade with Koryo and Japan played critical role for the prosperity. Trade between Koryo and Song was by division searoute on East China Sea and the route embarked from Ningbo port of northeast Zejiang province pass Zhoushan and arrive at southern part of Korea peninsula. The capital of South Song was located in Hangzhou however due to natural geographical condition of Qiantang River, foreign vessels were unable to enter Hangzhou port thus ningbo port located on the coast was developed instead. Ningbo port was outer port which acted as a door for Hangzhou and the goods were loaded to smaller vessels and transported to Hangzhou passing Zedong Yunhe. After 1195, Ningbo function as international trade port, outer port and port of transshipment in Ryo․Song period because Koryo can embark and disembark only from Ningbo port. However, due to north and south littoral current on the coast of Ningbo port, vessels embarked from Ningbo port could not be on turbulent flow of northest near Taiwan. Therefore, vessels arrived at Zhoushan which is the alley where Taiwanese turbulent flow passes and waited for proper wind and sea current suitable for voyage. Zhoushan function as anchorage port for sea borne trade of Koryo. Taking a voyage to cross division sea route of East China Sea was something that took risk in Ryo․Song Period and seamen prayed for safety on the sea to spirit of Gwan-eum upon arrival at Putuoshan of Zhoushan. Dunhuang and Putuoshan of northwest silkroad coincides in the terms of that both are Buddhist temple that prayed for safety prior to embarkation. Wealthy merchants, writers and Buddhist monks of Shilla and Koryo played leading role in formation of Gwan-eum religion of Putuoshan. Putuoshan can be considered as Dunhuang on sea-route of Ease Asian Mediterranean