단기 위험 프리미엄 퍼즐: 동적 군집행동을 고려한 재해석
The Short-Term Risk Premium Puzzle: Revisited by Dynamic Herd Behavior
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투자자들의 위험회피 성향을 가정하는 재무이론은 위험 프리미엄을 예상하지만 상당수의 실증적 논문들은 통계적으로 유의하지 못한 위험 프리미엄이나 심지어 음(-)의 위험 프리미엄이 존재한다는 사실을 발견하였다. 특히 일별자료를 이용한 단기 분석에서 유의한 위험 프리미엄을 발견한 실증적 연구는 거의 존재하지 않는다. 따라서 본 연구는 단기 위험 프리미엄의 존재가 실증적으로 유의하게 나타나지 못하는 중요한 원인이 금융시장의 위험과 수익률의 관계에 단기적 잡음의 역할을 하는 동적 군집행동에 기인한다는 아이디어를 제안하였고, 이를 실증적으로 입증하기 위해 동적 군집행동 측정법과 동적 군집행동의 영향을 완화한 GARCH-M-Herding 모형을 새롭게 개발하였다. 그리고 국내 기업의 개별 주식을 이용한 실증분석을 통해 동적 군집행동이 단기 위험 프리미엄의 존재를 왜곡하고 있으며, 변동성에 대한 동적 군집행동의 영향을 완화하면 개별 주가에 유의한 단기 위험 프리미엄이 명확히 존재하게 됨을 발견하였다.
Abstract
This paper perceives that the insignificant evidence of a positive risk-return relation(risk premium) for the short term is attributed primarily to dynamic herd behavior, which works as short-term noise, introduces a new method of measuring dynamic herd behavior, and extends the GARCH-M type model to account for dynamic herding and its effect on the relationship between returns and volatility as a proxy of risk. Applying the GJR-GARCH-M-Herding model to the daily KOSPI and NASDAQ stock data, we find a significant positive relationship in contrast to the results of the standard GJR-GARCH-M model and conclude that the short-term risk premium could be rendered ambiguous by dynamic herding that reflects short-term noises.
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