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소유-지배 괴리도, 외부 경영통제수단과 사회적 책임 활동

Ownership-Control Disparity, External Governance and Corporate Social Responsibility Activities

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주제분류경영학

초록

본 연구는 지배주주의 소유-지배 괴리도가 기업의 사회적 책임 활동에 미치는 효과를확인한다. 보다 중요하게, 이러한 효과가 외부 경영통제수단인 상품시장에서의 경쟁과외국인 투자자 지분에 따라 어떻게 변화하는지를 분석한다. 분석결과, 소유-지배 괴리도는사회적 책임 활동에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타난다. 하지만, 경쟁이낮아지거나 외국인 투자자 지분이 확대될 경우 양자 간 유의한 음(-)의 관계가 성립하는것으로 확인된다. 이러한 결과는 외부 경영통제수단의 존재 여부에 따라 지배주주의사적이익 추구 유인이 변화하고 있기 때문으로 해석된다. 한편, 주요 결과는 지배주주의직접 지분이 낮거나 재벌 기업집단에 소속되지 않는 기업에서 주로 관찰된다. 또한, 사회적책임 활동이 기업가치를 개선시키는 유의적 효과는 비교적 경쟁이 낮거나, 외국인 투자자지분이 높은 기업에서만 확인된다. 이러한 결과들은 대리인이론에 기초한 주요 결과의해석의 적정성을 뒷받침한다. 본 연구는 기업을 둘러싼 환경적 요인과 내부 특성을 동시에고려한 포괄적인 접근을 통해 사회적 책임 활동을 기대효과를 평가함으로써, 기존 연구를보완하고 확장하는 시사점을 갖는다.

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of the controlling shareholders’ incentive for pursuing the private benefits on corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities. More importantly, we analyze that this incentive can be changed by the operation of external governance. The ownership-control disparity does not have a significant effect on CSR activities. On the other hand, we find the positive relationship between the ownership-control disparity and CSR activities in competitive industries, but a negative relationship in non-competitive industries. Also, we confirm the positive relationship in firms with higher ownership of foreign investors. This study suggests that the benefit and cost of CSR activities may vary depending on the existence of competitive threats and foreign investors. Thus, we can conclude that the conflicting views on CSR activities can be compatible simultaneously when considering the operation of external governance. Therefore, our study can contribute to the expansion and generalization of existing theories.

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