웹 크롤링의 경쟁법적 고찰
An Analysis of Web Crawling from a perspective of Competition Law
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The purpose of the Competition Law is to enhance consumer welfare through free and fair competition in the market. In particular, the nature of search-based services in a data-driven economy requires data to be constantly shared, communicated, and analyzed in the marketplace. The Web crawling, which uses information collection robots to collect necessary information from other websites, is becoming common in the trading world as a new way of collecting the necessary information directly among the numerous information posted on the Internet. Web crawling is an essential act of gathering information in such search-based services, not in itself to limit the operations of others. It is a consumer-friendly mechanism that promotes price and quality competition for products or services and increases consumers' choice because it can quickly and accurately provide the desired search results, product information, photos, and reviews. Thus, unfair restricting web crawling could impede consumer interests and also create obstruction of business activities for counterparts and competitors. It would be necessary to prevent large online operators from monopolizing information or distorting competition so that various information can be provided to consumers. As to whether it is illegal to crawl copyrighted content or databases, it will be necessary to determine whether crawling is consistent with the fair use of copyright. And if collecting information through crawling helps consumers expand their options and promote their welfare, it is necessary to avoid hastily judging them as violations of the law. The most important thing in the data-driven economy is that operators can compete fairly and that consumers should benefit from competition and innovation, which should not be overlooked in the legal judgment of crawling.
Abstract
The purpose of the Competition Law is to enhance consumer welfare through free and fair competition in the market. In particular, the nature of search-based services in a data-driven economy requires data to be constantly shared, communicated, and analyzed in the marketplace. The Web crawling, which uses information collection robots to collect necessary information from other websites, is becoming common in the trading world as a new way of collecting the necessary information directly among the numerous information posted on the Internet. Web crawling is an essential act of gathering information in such search-based services, not in itself to limit the operations of others. It is a consumer-friendly mechanism that promotes price and quality competition for products or services and increases consumers' choice because it can quickly and accurately provide the desired search results, product information, photos, and reviews. Thus, unfair restricting web crawling could impede consumer interests and also create obstruction of business activities for counterparts and competitors. It would be necessary to prevent large online operators from monopolizing information or distorting competition so that various information can be provided to consumers. As to whether it is illegal to crawl copyrighted content or databases, it will be necessary to determine whether crawling is consistent with the fair use of copyright. And if collecting information through crawling helps consumers expand their options and promote their welfare, it is necessary to avoid hastily judging them as violations of the law. The most important thing in the data-driven economy is that operators can compete fairly and that consumers should benefit from competition and innovation, which should not be overlooked in the legal judgment of crawling.
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