어머니 언어 및 몸짓에 대한 영아의 소통적 반응과 어휘력 간의 관계
The Relationship Between Infants’ Response on Communication with Mothers and Their Vocabulary
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본 연구는 어머니-영아 상호작용에서 영아의 소통적 반응의 경향성, 월령에 따른 차이, 영아 어휘력 간 관계를 살펴보았다. 연구 대상은 10~18개월 영아와 그들의 어머니 83쌍이었고, 각 가정에서 자연스럽게 이루어지는 어머니-영아 상호작용 과정의 소통적 반응을 관찰하였으며, MCDI-K 어휘력 체크리스트를 통해 영아 어휘력을 수집하였다. 영아의 소통적 반응은 어머니의 언어 및 몸짓이 선행하고 3초 이내에 후행하는 영아의 발화와 몸짓을 The Observer XT 13을 통해 코딩한 후 연속적 분석법을 통해 분석하였고, 반응횟수와 반응률을 산출하여 SPSSWIN 21.0으로 일원변량분석, 상관분석을 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 영아는 어머니 주도적 언어보다 영아 지지적 언어에 반응하는 정도가 높았고, 어머니의 몸짓에는 동일한 유형의 몸짓으로 모방하여 반응하는 경향이 있었으며, 영아의 월령이 높아질수록 어머니 언어 및 몸짓에 대한 발화 반응과 몸짓 반응이 증가했다. 또한 전반적으로 영아의 소통적 반응은 어휘력과 정적 상관이 있었다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 어머니-영아 간 상호작용 과정에서 나타나는 어머니-영아 의사소통 패턴 및 영아의 소통적 반응에 대한 기초적인 정보를 제공하였고, 소통적 반응과 어휘력 간 관계를 검증함으로써 영아 언어 발달에 관한 연구를 심화하였으며, 관련한 후속 연구를 제안하였다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore developmental changes in infants’ response on communication with their mothers and to examine the relationship between infants’ response and their vocabulary skills. The study subjects were 83 pairs of 10~18 months infants and their mothers. Researchers visited homes of each subjects and recorded natural interactions between mothers and infants. MCDI-K check-list data was collected from mothers. Infants’ speech and gesture responses occurring only within three seconds after the maternal speech and gesture attempts were coded via The Observer XT 13. We used the infants’ contingent response frequencies calculated by lag sequential analysis and computed conditional probabilities from infants’ responses out of total frequency of the maternal communication These data were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation analysis. The results of this study were as follows; First, there were developmental changes with infants’ response. Older infants’ response showed higher frequency and conditional probability. Second, there was meaningful correlation between infants’ response and their vocabulary skills. Frequencies and conditional probabilities of infants’ response had positive relationship with receptive and expressive vocabulary skills in 10~12 and 16~18 months groups. This research provided basic information about infants’ response in interaction with their mothers, deepened the study of infants’ communication development by verifying the relationship between infants’ response and their vocabulary, and suggested that further researches are necessary.
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