뇌성마비 성인과 일반 성인의 음악적 발화과제 시 음성 특성 비교
Comparison of the Vocal Characteristics of Adults with and without Cerebral Palsy on Musical Speech Tasks
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초록
본 연구의 목적은 뇌성마비 성인과 일반 성인에게 각각 동일한 발화과제(일반, 리듬, 선율 발화)를 제공한 뒤 집단(일반 및 뇌성마비 성인)과 발화과제에 따라 어떠한 음성 특성이 나타나는지 알아보는 것이다. 연구대상은 뇌성마비 성인 20명과 일반 성인 20명이며 프라트(Praat) 프로그램을 사용하여 발화과제에 따른 기본주파수, 음성강도, 주파수 변동률, 진폭 변동률수치를 구하였다. 각 집단의 발화 과제에 따른 음성 특성 분석 결과, 기본주파수와 음성강도의 경우 두 집단 모두 유의한 차이는 없었으나 주파수 변동률 및 진폭 변동률의 경우 일반성인집단과 뇌성마비성인집단 모두 선율 발화 시 유의하게 가장 낮은 수치를 보였다. 집단에 따른 차이를 분석한 결과, 뇌성마비성인집단의 주파수 변동률 및 진폭 변동률이 일반성인집단에 비해 유의하게 높은 수치를 보였다. 또한 일반성인집단과는 달리 뇌성마비성인집단의 경우 리듬 발화 시 주파수 변동률 및 진폭 변동률 수치가 가장 높게 나타났으며 주파수변동률의 경우 집단과 발화과제 종류에 따른 상호작용 효과가 유의해 두 집단 사이에 상이한 양상이 발견되었다. 본 연구는 발화 시 적용된 음악요소에 따라 나타나는 즉각적 음성 특성에 대한 정보를 제공해주는 기초자료로 사용될 수 있다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the vocal characteristics of 40 adults with and without cerebral palsy (CP), upon presentation of three speech tasks (i.e., reading, chanting, and singing). The Praat program was utilized to generate data on fundamental frequency, voice intensity, jitter, and shimmer. The results of the analysis revealed no significant differences on fundamental frequency and intensity. However, both groups showed significant decreases in jitter and shimmer when engaged in singing tasks. The analysis of group differences indicated that adults with CP showed significantly higher variation scores on jitter and shimmer than the group without CP, and the difference on jitter and shimmer became greater during rhythmic chanting. In terms of jitter variation, the interaction effects according to the groups and types of speech tasks were greater, demonstrating the differences between the two groups. This study can be utilized as a basic research, regarding changes in vocal characteristics of adults with CP according to different musical speech tasks.
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