노래만들기 중재를 통한 인공와우이식청소년의 자기표현 능력 향상 사례
Improved Self-Expression of Adolescents With Cochlear Implants After a Songwriting Intervention: A Case Study
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본 연구는 노래만들기 중재가 인공와우이식청소년의 자기표현 능력 향상을 가져오는지 알아보기 위한 사례연구이다. 본 연구의 노래만들기 중재는 인공와우이식자의 음악지각에 관한 선행연구 결과를 반영하여 CI이식청소년의 성공적인 자기표현 경험을 위해 구성되었다. 단계적으로 구성된 노래만들기와 음악테크놀로지(예, iPad의 GarageBand)가 활용되었다. 두 명의 CI이식청소년이 연구에 참여하였고, 중재는 주 1회씩 총 8주간 제공되었다. 결과분석을 위해 중재 과정 중 변화 양상이 중요함에 따라 자기표현과 관련한 언어적․비언어적 행동과 음악적 반응의 변화를 서술하였다. 연구 결과 노래만들기 중재에 참여한 대상자들은 공통적으로 음악을 통한 자기표현의 자신감 향상과 단순한 자기표현에서 자신의 정서 및 의견을 표현으로의 변화가 관찰되어, 자기표현 능력의 향상에 긍정적인 변화를 확인할 수 있었다. 결과적으로 인공와우이식에 따른 청지각적 특징을 반영한 음악 중재가 성취감 및 긍정적인 자기표현 경험을 도울 수 있음을 확인하였으며, 이는 추후 인공와우이식자를 대상으로 노래만들기 연구가 지속적으로 수행될 필요가 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether a songwriting intervention would improve self-expression of adolescents with cochlear implants (CI). In this study, the songwriting intervention was designed to incorporate previous research findings on music perception of individuals with CIs and to provide musical experiences in which adolescents with CIs could be successful in using music resources for their self-expression. Accordingly, stepwise songwriting procedures were constructed and music technology (i.e., GarageBand as an iPad application) was used. Two adolescents with CIs participated in the intervention once a week for 8 weeks. Changes in level of participation in songwriting tasks, verbal expression, self-reports about the songwriting process were examined. The results demonstrated that the participants showed increased attempts to express themselves via music making. It was also shown that their negative perception of their ability to verbally express themselves decreased. They were observed as becoming more competent in creating music by deciding how various musical elements should be played and making rhythm or melodic patterns by themselves. These results indicate that the songwriting intervention can facilitate self-expression of adolescents with CIs. Further implications in terms of the psychosocial needs of individuals with CIs are presented.
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