경남지역 삼국시대 방형계 수혈주거지의 변천과 전개

Abstract

There have been lots of achievements for pit dwellings of the period of the Three States but it is still a particle. Many of them only focus on fabric analysis of individual elaiosphere or analysis of interior facilities like Goodle and the pit dwelling with circle or oval shape is studied a lot but a square-shaped dwelling is less investigated, because it has been found and its data has been collected recently. So, I pursue an investigation, focusing on figuring out the structure, change and development phase of a square-shaped dwelling of the period of the Three States in Kyeongnam province. I subdivide housing places of the square-shaped dwelling, found in Kyeongnam province, into eastern part and western part, based on the geographical water system and set servitude. Next, I find out structural features of dwellings around plan shape, intercolumniation, old facilities and size. I discriminate periods by reading a chronology of earthenware, found at tumulus because relic, found in living spaces, suffered a heavy damage and soft earthenware had little change in formation. The shape of dwelling had become slandered from 1st periodand 3rd period and many of square dwellings were found in the eastern part and the rectangle was found in the western part. Astylar style had been constantly used for intercolumniation from 1st periodandto 4th period and many other types had been used stage by stage and other types, except astylar were extinct in 4th period. Old facilities with Goodle type had been expanded from the east to the west from 1st period and with wood-burning stove type had been expanded to entire area between 2nd periodand 3rd period. The size reflects the regionality and the middle size one was the most in the eastern area and there were equally small, large and extra-largeone. But the small one was largely found in the western area. The square-shaped pit dwellings started to emerge at the eastern area in 1st period and they were expanded from the east to west, after that, and they were found in entire Kyeonam province in 3rd period. Two facts that the square-shaped pit dwelling were settled in the upper region of the Nakdong earlier than the lower areas and the square-shaped dwellings were spread from the lower areas of the Nakdong mean that housing culture of Silla was extended to outside through exchange with Gaya. But, it is though that Jinju suffered a change through cultural assimilation with Baekje than Silla for the geographical reasons and Gyeseong-ri of Changnyeong of the eastern area’s square-shaped pit dwellings are similar with those of Baekje and there is lots of earthenware, related to Baekje than Changnyeong. So the unilateral cultural diffusion from the east to the west can’t be made. Also, the 4th period is judged as a transition, when the pit dwellings became surface structures, through reasons that the pit dwellings were rapidly diminished and the number of surface structures, found, was increasing.