Prenatal health behaviors and stress as contributors to socioeconomic gaps in adverse birth outcomes for Korean women
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초록
Despite delayed childbearing for women in both high and low socio-economic status(SES) in Korea since the economic crisis in the late 90s, more attention has been drawn to women’s older age and biomedical characteristics than other socioeconomic, behavioral, and psychological factors to predict preterm birth (PTB) or low birth weight (LBW). Thus, this study aims to explore contributing factors in the prenatal period—health care and stress, and psychosocial correlates of stress—to the SES differentials in PTB or LBW among Korean women. We surveyed 951 women aged 30-44 years who had delivered in the last three years. We estimated the odds ratios of PTB or LBW between the SES groups adjusting for the following four categories of variables : (a) prenatal health behaviors (e.g., regular hospital visits, folic acid supplementation, gestational increase in body mass index, smoking, and regular meals) ; (b) prenatal stress (e.g., negative life events, anxiety about fetal health, etc.) ; (c) psychosocial correlates of stress (e.g., anxiety about fetal health, social support, and residential environment) ; (d) maternal medical history and birth characteristics. Among Korea mothers, the SES gaps in preterm birth or LBW were completely explained by the prenatal health behaviors and stress in prenatal period with the biomedical characteristics for mothers and newborns held constant. PTB or LBW births for Korean women in low-SES occupations could be prevented by promoting their health behaviors and building stress-coping skills in the prenatal period.
Abstract
Despite delayed childbearing for women in both high and low socio-economic status(SES) in Korea since the economic crisis in the late 90s, more attention has been drawn to women’s older age and biomedical characteristics than other socioeconomic, behavioral, and psychological factors to predict preterm birth (PTB) or low birth weight (LBW). Thus, this study aims to explore contributing factors in the prenatal period—health care and stress, and psychosocial correlates of stress—to the SES differentials in PTB or LBW among Korean women. We surveyed 951 women aged 30-44 years who had delivered in the last three years. We estimated the odds ratios of PTB or LBW between the SES groups adjusting for the following four categories of variables : (a) prenatal health behaviors (e.g., regular hospital visits, folic acid supplementation, gestational increase in body mass index, smoking, and regular meals) ; (b) prenatal stress (e.g., negative life events, anxiety about fetal health, etc.) ; (c) psychosocial correlates of stress (e.g., anxiety about fetal health, social support, and residential environment) ; (d) maternal medical history and birth characteristics. Among Korea mothers, the SES gaps in preterm birth or LBW were completely explained by the prenatal health behaviors and stress in prenatal period with the biomedical characteristics for mothers and newborns held constant. PTB or LBW births for Korean women in low-SES occupations could be prevented by promoting their health behaviors and building stress-coping skills in the prenatal period.
참고문헌 (40)
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