Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A의Multiplex PCR을 이용한 동정 및 유전자 특성
Genomic Characteristics and Identification of Salmonella enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A Using Multiplex PCR
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배경: Salmonella enterica serovars는 다양한 숙주에서 위장관 및 전신질환을 일으킨다. 장티푸스나 파라티푸스의 진단법으로 일반적인 배양법과 생화학적 검사들이 이용되고 있지만 전통적인 진단법은 많은 시일이 소요되어 장티푸스를 조기에 빠르고 정확하게 진단할 수 있는 새로운 진단기법의 필요하다. 최근 일부 연구에서 이미 serovar Typhi의 검출에 fliC-d 유전자, Vi 항원 유전자에 의한 PCR법이 사용되고 있다. 방법: 1997년부터 2004년까지 8년에 걸쳐서 부산대학교병원 진단검사의학과에서 분리한 S. Typhi 23균주와 S. ParatyphiA 13균주를 대상으로 신속한 혈청형 동정 확인을 위하여 O (rfbE, rfbS), H (fliC-d, fliC-a) 그리고 Vi (viaB) 항원 유전자를 이용한 multiplex PCR법을 실시하고, 병원인자의 검출, antibiogram 양상과 RAPD 및 PFGE법을 이용한 genomic DNA 형별을 통하여 분자생물학적 역학분석을 실시하였다. 결과: 대부분의 Salmonella 균주가 ampicillin에서 내성을 나타내었으며, PCR 결과 serovar Typhi의 경우 tyv, prt, fliC-d와 viaB 유전자가 모두 검출되는 반면 serovar Paratyphi A의 경우 fliC-a와 prt 유전자만이 관찰되었고 중요한 병원인자인 invA와 enterotoxin 유전자는 모든 균주에서 양성으로 확인되었다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 multiplex PCR법을 이용하면 임상적으로 중요한 S. Typhi 및 S. Paratyphi A 혈청형을 보다 신속하고 정확하게 동정하는 데 적극 활용할 수 있을 것이다.
Abstract
Background: Salmonella enterica serovars often have a broad host range and cause some gastrointestinal and systemic diseases. The diagnosis of typhoid fever or paratyphoid fever is made by ordinary culture methods and biochemical tests. However, a more rapid and alternative method of diagnosing these diseases is in need since the classical diagnostic method requires several days for a result. Some researchers have already reported serovar Typhi detection methods with PCR using the fliC-d gene and the Vi capsular antigen gene. Methods: Thirty-six Salmonella strains isolated at Pusan National University Hospital from 1997 to 2004 were used for a rapid identification of S. enterica serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A with multiplex PCR that uses the O (rfbE, rfbS), H (fliC-d, fliC-a), and Vi (viaB) antigen genes. To further characterize these Salmonella strains, we used PCR to detect genes (invA and enterotoxin) for proposed virulence factors and performed antimicrobial susceptibility testing, serotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis for epidemiological characteristics. Results: Most strains were resistant to ampicillin. By PCR, tyv, prt, fliC-d and viaB genes were detected in serovar Typhi, whereas only fliC-a and prt genes were found in serovar Paratyphi A. In addition, invA and enterotoxin genes were detected in both strains. Conclusion: This method enabled us to identify and differentiate serovars Typhi and Paratyphi A by only a single PCR assay. That is, clinically important human pathogens were more rapidly and specifically detected and identified with multiplex PCR.
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