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Psychometric and Psychoacoustic Measures of Tinnitus

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Tinnitus is a ringing in the ears without external sounds from outside. Tinnitus is not a disease but a symptom affecting the quality of life in daily lives. Although many different measures of tinnitus have been developed, it is not easy for clinician to select one or some of these measures to fit the goals of the management of tinnitus. Therefore, the objective of this study is to review a variety of previous studies of tinnitus in terms of psychometric and psychoacoustic measures of tinnitus to provide clinically useful and valuable information to professionals who want to develop a standardized test of tinnitus. This study reviewed a variety of literatures associated with the psychometric measures including tinnitus handicap inventory, tinnitus questionnaire, tinnitus reaction questionnaire, tinnitus handicap questionnaire, tinnitus cognition questionnaire, and tinnitus disability index. The psychoacoustic measures of tinnitus including pitch, loudness, masking, and residual inhibition were thoroughly reviewed. Finally, we investigated whether there is a relationship between the psychometric and psychoacoustic measures of tinnitus. However, the psychometric measures were not clearly and directly related to the psychoacoustic measures. This indicates that they do not test the same attributes or constructs of tinnitus. In addition, this may result from the different natures of tinnitus, different mechanisms and sites of action, and high variability between and within subjects. Although there are considerable disagreements in the measures of tinnitus, this paper will provide clinically useful and meaningful information for developing a standardized test of tinnitus.

Abstract

Tinnitus is a ringing in the ears without external sounds from outside. Tinnitus is not a disease but a symptom affecting the quality of life in daily lives. Although many different measures of tinnitus have been developed, it is not easy for clinician to select one or some of these measures to fit the goals of the management of tinnitus. Therefore, the objective of this study is to review a variety of previous studies of tinnitus in terms of psychometric and psychoacoustic measures of tinnitus to provide clinically useful and valuable information to professionals who want to develop a standardized test of tinnitus. This study reviewed a variety of literatures associated with the psychometric measures including tinnitus handicap inventory, tinnitus questionnaire, tinnitus reaction questionnaire, tinnitus handicap questionnaire, tinnitus cognition questionnaire, and tinnitus disability index. The psychoacoustic measures of tinnitus including pitch, loudness, masking, and residual inhibition were thoroughly reviewed. Finally, we investigated whether there is a relationship between the psychometric and psychoacoustic measures of tinnitus. However, the psychometric measures were not clearly and directly related to the psychoacoustic measures. This indicates that they do not test the same attributes or constructs of tinnitus. In addition, this may result from the different natures of tinnitus, different mechanisms and sites of action, and high variability between and within subjects. Although there are considerable disagreements in the measures of tinnitus, this paper will provide clinically useful and meaningful information for developing a standardized test of tinnitus.

참고문헌 (61)

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