자율주행 자동차 도입 수준에 따른 도시부 도로 탄소배출량 감소효과 추정
Estimation of Carbon Emissions Reductions by the Penetration Rates of Autonomous Vehicles for Urban Road Network
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초록
최근 활발한 기술개발이 이루어지고 있는 자율주행 자동차는 다양한 교통문제를 해결하는데 기여할 것으로 기대되고 있다. 국내 도로부문 온실가스 배출량이 1억 톤이 넘는 등 환경오염 문제가 심각해지면서 자율주행 자동차 도입에 따른 환경오염의 절감 부문에 대한 연구가필요하다. 하지만 환경오염 절감 측면에서 자율주행에 관련한 실증적 연구는 미비한 상태이다. 이에 본 연구는 미시 시뮬레이션을 통해 서울시 개포동 일대 교차로 8개소를 대상으로 자율주행 자동차 도입에 따른 네트워크 성능변화를 분석하고 이를 통해 이산화탄소 배출량을 추정하였다. 분석결과 내연기관 자율주행 자동차 혼입 시 네트워크 전체 탄소 절감효과는 미미하였으며 혼입율이 적은 상황에서는 오히려 증가하기도 했다. 반면 자율주행 전기자동차 혼입 시네트워크 전체 탄소 발생량이 크게 감소하는 것으로 분석되었다. 자율주행 자동차 도입만으로는 충분한 탄소배출량 감소 효과를 얻기는 어려우며 적절한 수요관리와 근본적인 연료사용의전환을 통해 교통 부문 탄소배출을 줄여나가야할 것으로 보인다.
Abstract
Recently, Autonomous Vehicle(AV) has been expected to solve various transportation problems. s the problem of environmental pollution become serious, research to reduce pollution is needed. However, empirical research on AV related pollution is insufficient. Based on this background, this study analyzed network performance changes and CO₂emissions introduc AVs and Electric Vehicles(EV) in eight intersections . The results show that when AVs with internal combustion engines were, the effect of carbon reduction over the network was insignificant. On the other hand, it was that the total amount of CO₂generated in the network decreased significantly when EVs and autonomous electric vehicles were . ₂emissions in the transportation sector.
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