V2X 통신 기반 현장 실험을 통한 교차로 사각지대 돌발상황 C-ITS 시나리오 분석
Analysis of C-ITS Scenarios for Blind Spot Incidents at Intersections Using V2X Communication-Based Field Experiment
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초록
C-ITS(Cooperative-Intelligent Transport Systems)는 V2X 통신 기술을 통해 교통 정보를 수집하고 제공함으로써, 교차로 안전 통행, 사고 예방을 위한 사전 경고 등 다양한 안전 서비스를 지원한다. 특히, C-ITS는 교차로 사각지대에서 발생한 돌발상황의 정보를 운전자에게 미리 전달하여 위험 상황을 예방할 수 있다. 그러나, C-ITS 환경에서 돌발상황의 종류와 정보 제공의 방식에 따라 주행에 미치는 영향이 다르게 나타날 수 있으며, 효율적인 C-ITS 운영을 위해 다양한 돌발상황에 대한 정보 제공이 주행 안전성과 교통 효율성에 미치는 영향을 종합적으로 평가할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 교차로 사각지대에서 발생할 수 있는 세 가지 돌발상황(포트홀, 공사구간, 보행자) 시나리오를 정의하고, 이에 맞춰 C-ITS 기반 현장 실험을 진행하였다. 각 시나리오에서 돌발상황 정보 제공 여부를 비교하기 위해 각 상황의 GNSS 기반 차량 궤적을 수집하였으며, 구간별 평균 통행속도, 속도 변화량, 통행 시간을 산출하여 돌발상황 정보제공이 운전 행동에 미치는 영향을 비교 분석하였다. 그 결과, 정보를 제공받는 구간의 운전행동이 크게 달라졌으며, 보행자 돌발상황 시나리오에서 운전자들이 가장 민감하게 반응하였다. 이러한 결과는 교차로 사각지대의 돌발상황 종류에 따라 C-ITS 서비스의 효과가 다를 수있음을 나타내며, 돌발상황 정보에 따라 주행 변화의 민감도 또한 상이할 수 있음을 시사한다.
Abstract
Cooperative-Intelligent Transport Systems (C-ITS) support various safety services, such as intersection passage and preemptive accident warnings, by collecting and providing traffic information through V2X communication technology. In particular, C-ITS can help prevent hazardous situations in blind spots at intersections by delivering information about incidents to drivers in advance. On the other hand, the impact on driving behavior may vary according to the type of incident and the method of information provision in the C-ITS. A comprehensive evaluation of how the provision of information on various incidents affects driving safety and traffic efficiency is essential to ensure effective C-ITS operations. In this study, three potential scenarios of incidents that can occur in intersection blind spots (potholes, work zones, and pedestrians) were defined, and C-ITS-based field experiments were conducted. GNSS-based vehicle trajectory data were collected for each scenario to compare the effects of information provision on these incidents, with the average speed, speed changes, and travel time across different sections calculated. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences in driving behavior when information was provided, with drivers reacting most sensitively to the pedestrian incident scenario. These findings suggest that the effectiveness of C-ITS services may vary according to the type of incident in intersection blind spots, and the sensitivity to changes in driving behavior can differ based on the type of incident information provided.
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