표현-기계'로서의 들뢰즈의 문학론 : '바틀비-기능'과 'K-기능'을 중심으로

Abstract

For Deleuze, literature is written for and about Life. When literature ceases to be written about Life and begins to be written about ‘writing’ itself, Deleuze says, Life becomes to be personalized and powerless. And if Life has a direct relation to literature, it is because the only purpose of writing is Life, and writing itself is a passage of Life that traverses both the livable and the lived. So, for Deleuze, literature means an attempt to make life something more than personal, to free life from what imprisons it, and writer means a creator who opens up the possibility of new life and makes the life transform oneself depending on the forces that it encounters. This kind of Deleuzian literature-machine does not just produce imaginary or abstract texts but creates virtual(not actual), that is, real assemblages of Life, and for this mission, literature creates new language. For Deleuze, the creation of language involves the discovery of new usages that destruct common usages of language and can produce different effects and functions of the language, so Deleuzian literature-machine can also be called ‘expression-machine’, which moves toward the limit of language through the experimentation on language, and invents new expressions of the language. As a principle of literary expressions, Deleuze adopts ‘the minor use of language'. For this, Deleuze provides us with the way the language moves toward its limit, ‘the becoming of language’, and presents Kafka and Melville as writers who knew how to use their language in an intensive way and exercised the becoming of language.