율과 청규의 관계에 대한 고찰

Abstract

The Chogye Order, the authentic traditional Korean Buddhist Order, has the problem of how to set up the three kinds of rules within their categories; Vinaya(律, rules of Buddha) which has been passed down since the period of Buddha, Chunggyu(淸規, rules of discipline) which have settled down in the image of Zen Buddhism, and Jonghun Jongbup(宗憲宗法, the prime laws and regulations of the Order) which was established for the practical administration of the Order. It is focused on the matter whether to overcome the difference of the both historical and cultural traits between vinaya established in India and Chunggyu organized in China. In the current process of Buddhist Initiation Rituals『 The Vinaya in Four Parts』(四分律) is regard as the essence. And in the various types of practicing places, the process is accomplished according to the basis of Cheonggyu, the rule which is made on special purpose. In addition, all about the operation and the bylaw of a temple are based on Jonghun Jongbup. In the situation that Vinaya, Chunggyu and Jonghun Jongbup make the threefolded structure, how to establish the relationship among them is a very important matter. We can see the relationship between Vinaya and Chunggyu as independent On the other hand, as Vinaya and Chunggyu are regarded as having independent relationships, different cultures and historic traits, they are established to meet the realistic point of view. In this way, in establishing the relationship between Vinaya and Chunggyu two different aspects are included, one is the viewpoint that Chunggyu followed the spirit of Vinaya and the other is that they have independent and legislative nature. This is a different problem in that the relationships of the three should be established not by the simple succession or independence but by the hierarchically superior and inferior. However, as far as I am concerned, although Vinaya and Chunggyu have been developed in the different situation of time and historical background, they have the nature of both independent and legislative. Above all, the common point of the two is that they were practiced to make the harmonious Order and to lead a suitable and smooth life in Zen Center. Judging from these points, the opinions that Chunggyu succeeds Vinaya or Vinaya and Chunggyu should be viewed from the different point of view are not fair in the relationship between Vinaya and Chunggyu . All rules and regulations inevitably made based on the situation of the time. The on going Chunggyu should also be established within the category of these frame. The spirit of the rules set up in those days of Buddha should not be excluded nor should they be the unrealistic system and rules for the life in Zen Center. When a new Chunggyu which is based on the current situation of Chogye Order and the spirit of the Vinaya, a new standard making the tradition of the religious Order will be made.