의심의 기술 발달: 선택적 신뢰와 증거성 추론
The development of selective trust and evidential reasoning: A literature review
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세상에 대한 지식 습득은 직접 경험을 통해 이루어지기도 하지만 현대 사회에서는 직접 경험보다는 간접 경험, 특히, 타인의 정보 전달을 통해 많은 부분이 이루어진다. 미디어와 인터넷을 통해 다양한 출처의 정보가 범람하는 사회에서 성장하는 아이들은 다양한 정보의 출처에 대한 신뢰를 어떻게 발달하고 있을까? 최근 들어 이와 같이 정보를 습득하는 과정에서 출처에 대해 선택적으로 신뢰하고, 비판적 판단과 사고를 하는 능력의 발달에 관하여 발달심리학자들이 새롭게 주목하기 시작하였고, 관련한 연구가 다양한 영역에서 급증하고 있다. 본 연구의 목표는 선택적 신뢰와 증언신뢰 편향성의 개념을 중심으로 제시된 연구 결과들과 언어에 기반하여 정보 신뢰성을 판단하는 증거성 추론 발달의 연구들로 분리되어 진행되어 오던 연구들 사이의 접점을 찾아 통합적인 틀에서 두 영역의 연구들을 고찰하고자 하였다. 특히, 두 영역의 연구를 정보의 신뢰성에 대해 비판적 관점을 발달시키는 과정의 측면에서 연결 및 통합하고, 이러한 발달의 궤도를 완성하는데 향후 필요한 연구와 이러한 인식론적 발달에 기여하는 요소들에 대한 연구를 제언하고자 하였다.
Abstract
Much of knowledge about the world comes from indirect experience such as, obtaining information/knowledge from others, rather than direct experience. Growing up in an environment, filled with information and claims made by the media and on the internet, it is essential to understand how children come to develop skills of evaluating various sources of information. Recent years have seen much increase in the amount of research related to this topic, regarding the development of critical thinking. The aim of the present paper is to provide an in-depth review of this growing field, involving the development of selective trust, a bias in trust in testimony, and evidential reasoning. Based on the extensive literature review, encompassing papers published internationally as well as domestically, the paper aims to provide a comprehensive and thorough introduction to the major discoveries made in this field and to suggest future studies that can help further illuminate the development of critical thinking.
참고문헌 (73)
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