A Study on Stress of Words with Stressed Suffixes
0
조회
0
다운로드
0
인용
0
참고문헌
키워드
초록
This paper has two aims. The first is to critically review the previous accounts of words with stressed suffixes, -ary/-ory, -ative, and -atory. The previous analyses to be reviewed are Halle and Vergnaud (1987), Burzio (1994), and Halle (1998). The second aim is to propose an alternative account of them using universal tools proposed for mono-morphemic words by Kim (2000). The mechanisms employed for the account include four constraints, silent beats and Tone-linking. The constraints are Trochee, Foot Binarity, PreParse-2, and Weight-Stress (WS). Previous analyses lack universality of the theoretical constructs and they are complex. Other metrical models such as Hayes (1980, 1995) and Hammond (1999) do not deal with the words ending in stressed suffixes at all. The characteristic of the present analysis is to allow flexible footing as long as the four constraints are satisfied by the footing and to require the obligatory satisfaction of these constraints. In these respects the dual-counting foot theory is distinguished from the standard Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993).
Abstract
This paper has two aims. The first is to critically review the previous accounts of words with stressed suffixes, -ary/-ory, -ative, and -atory. The previous analyses to be reviewed are Halle and Vergnaud (1987), Burzio (1994), and Halle (1998). The second aim is to propose an alternative account of them using universal tools proposed for mono-morphemic words by Kim (2000). The mechanisms employed for the account include four constraints, silent beats and Tone-linking. The constraints are Trochee, Foot Binarity, PreParse-2, and Weight-Stress (WS). Previous analyses lack universality of the theoretical constructs and they are complex. Other metrical models such as Hayes (1980, 1995) and Hammond (1999) do not deal with the words ending in stressed suffixes at all. The characteristic of the present analysis is to allow flexible footing as long as the four constraints are satisfied by the footing and to require the obligatory satisfaction of these constraints. In these respects the dual-counting foot theory is distinguished from the standard Optimality Theory (Prince and Smolensky 1993).
참고문헌 (43)
- Abercrombie, D, "Syllable quantity and enclitic in English. Studies in Phonetics and Linguistics", pp.26~34 (1965), Oxford University Press
- Alkantara, J. B., "The Architecture of the English Lexicon", 박사, pp.1998
- Beckman, M. E., "Intonational structure in Japanese and English", Phonology, 3, pp.255~309 (1986)
- Burzio, L., "Principles of English Stress" (1994), Cambridge University Press
- Chomsky, N., "The Sound Pattern of English" (1968), Harper and Row
- Clements, G. N., "CV Phonology: A Generative Theory of the Syllable" (1983), Cambridge University Press
- Duanmu, S., "Metrical structure and tone: evidence from Mandarin and Shanghai", Journal of East Asian Linguistics, 8, pp.1~38 (1999)
- Flemming, E., "Auditory Representations in Phonology", 박사, pp.1995
- Fudge, E., "English Word Stress" (1984), Allen and Unwin
- Giegerich, H, "The limits of phonological derivation: spelling pronunciations and schwa in English", Linguistische-Berichte, pp.413~436 (1992)
- The stress window in Piraha: a reanalysis of rhythm in Optimality Theory, "Green, T.", ~, pp.Rutgers Optimality Archive-45-0195 (1995)
- The lapse constraint, "Green, T.", ~, pp.Rutgers Optimality Archive-101-0000 (1995)
- Halle, M., "The stress of English words 1968-1998", Linguistic Inquiry, 29, pp.539~568 (1998)
- Halle, M., "An Essay on Stress" (1987), MIT Press
- Hammond, M., "The Phonology of English" (1999), Oxford University Press
- Harris, J., "English Sound Structure" (1994), Blackwell
- Hayes, B., "A Metrical Theory of Stress Rules", 박사, pp.1981
- Hayes, B., "Metrical Stress Theory: Principles and Case Studies" (1995), University of Chicago Press
- Iverson, G., "Stipulated extraprosodicity in syllabic phonology", Language Research, 26(3), pp.515~552 (1990), Seoul National University
- Kager, R., "Shapes of the generalized trochee", The Proceedings of West Coast Conference of Formal Linguistics, 통권 : 11, pp.198~312 (1992)
- Kager, R., "Alternative to the iambic-trochaic law", Natural Language and Linguistic Theory, 11, pp.381~432 (1993)
- Ternary rhythm in alignment theory, "Kager, R.", ~, pp.Rutgers Optimality Archive-35-1094 (1994)
- Kager, R., "Optimality Theory" (1999), Cambridge University Press
- Kahn, D., "Syllable-based Generalizations in English Phonology", 박사, pp.1976
- Kaye, J., "Government in phonology: the case of Moroccan Arabic", The Linguistic Review, 7, pp.131~159 (1990)
- Kenstowicz, M., "Cycle vs. non-cyclic constraint evaluation", Phonology, 12, pp.397~436 (1995)
- Uniform exponence: Examplification and extension, "Kenstowicz, M.", ~, pp.Rutgers Optimality Archive-218-0997 (1998)
- Kim, H-Y, "Flexibility of English Stress", 박사, pp.2000
- 김효영, "STRESS OF ENGLISH NONSENSE NOUNS", 언어학, 33, pp.37~44 (2002), 사단법인 한국언어학회
- Kiparsky, P., "Quantity-sensitivity and the nature of templatic parsing", Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Berkeley Linguistic Society (1991)
- Klatt, D, "Linguistic uses of segmental duration in English: Acoustic and perceptual evidence", Journal of Acoustical Society of America, 59, pp.1208~1222 (1976)
- Krakow, R, "The Articulatory Organization of Syllables: A Kinematic Analysis of Labial and Vowel Gestures", 박사, pp.1989
- Ladefoged, P. A., "Course in Phonetics. 3rd edition" (1993), Harcourt Brace Javanovich. Inc.
- McCarthy, J., "Prosodic Morphology", 석사, pp.1986
- Prince, A. A., "Metrical theory for Estonian quantity", Linguistic Inquiry, 11, pp.511~562 (1980)
- Prince, A. A., "Relating to the Grid", Linguistic Inquiry, 14, pp.19~100 (1983)
- Prince, A. A., "Quantitative consequences of rhythmic organization", Chicago Linguistic Society, 26, pp.355~398 (1991), University of Chicago
- Prince, A., "Optimality Theory : Constraint Interaction in Generative Grammar", 석사, pp.1993
- Selkirk, E., "The role of prosodic categories in English word stress", Linguistic Inquiry, 11, pp.563~605 (1980)
- Selkirk, E., "The syllable. in: The Structure of Phonological representations (Part II)", pp.337~383 (1982), Foris
- Selkirk, E., "Syntax and Phonology: The Relation Between Sound and Structure" (1984), MIT Press
- Turk, A., "Articulator phonetic cues to syllable affiliation: gestural characteristics of bilabial stops. in: Papers in Laboratory Phonology III: Phonological Structure and Phonetic Form", pp.107~135 (1994), Cambridge University Press
- Whiteman, C. W., "Segmental durations in the vicinity of prosodic phrase boundaries", Journal of Acoustic Society of America, 91(3), pp.1707~1717 (1992)