“A Way to Solder That Deep Schism”: Dualism and Intersubjectivity in Charles Johnson’sMiddle Passage
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Drawing upon phenomenology and Buddhism, Charles Johnson’s novel Middle Passage investigates the cause of the “ontic wound” deeply inscribed in the African American history of slavery and seeks for ways to heal that wound. By narrating a phenomenological process in which the protagonist Rutherford reaches an enlightenment of himself and the world through his experience of the horrors of the Middle Passage, the novel reveals how Western dualism works as the underlying principle of the white imperialist domination of blacks by structuring the world into conflicts between hierarchically binary oppositions. Buddhist teachings on interdependence of beings and compassion for others embodied by a mysterious African tribe Allmuseri provide Rutherford with a new sense of self, community, and history, which moves him from separation to connection with others, and from isolation to engagement with community. Allmuseri’s Buddhist idea of intersubjectivity leads Rutherford to building an ethical relationship with others by taking his responsibilities for others to which he life is indebted.
Abstract
Drawing upon phenomenology and Buddhism, Charles Johnson’s novel Middle Passage investigates the cause of the “ontic wound” deeply inscribed in the African American history of slavery and seeks for ways to heal that wound. By narrating a phenomenological process in which the protagonist Rutherford reaches an enlightenment of himself and the world through his experience of the horrors of the Middle Passage, the novel reveals how Western dualism works as the underlying principle of the white imperialist domination of blacks by structuring the world into conflicts between hierarchically binary oppositions. Buddhist teachings on interdependence of beings and compassion for others embodied by a mysterious African tribe Allmuseri provide Rutherford with a new sense of self, community, and history, which moves him from separation to connection with others, and from isolation to engagement with community. Allmuseri’s Buddhist idea of intersubjectivity leads Rutherford to building an ethical relationship with others by taking his responsibilities for others to which he life is indebted.
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