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성인진입기의 내부고발에 대한 도덕적 평가와 공정성 대 내집단 충성 가치 차이와의 관계

Relationships between moral evaluations of whistle-blowing and fairness-loyalty tradeoff in emerging adulthood

진경선|정은혜
한국심리학회 산하 한국발달심리학회 (The Korean Society For Developmental Psychology)|2023.03|한국심리학회지: 발달 (THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY)|제36권 제1호|pp. 133-151|DOI https://doi.org/10.35574/KJDP.2023.3.36.1.133

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키워드

공정성fairness도덕적 평가moral evaluation내부고발내집단 충성공정성 대 내집단 충성의 차이whistle-blowingingroup loyaltyfairness-loyalty tradeoff
주제분류심리과학

초록

내집단의 잘못을 외부로 알리는 내부고발은 종종 공정성과 내집단 충성의 서로 다른 도덕 원리가 상충하는 도덕적 딜레마 상황에서 발생한다. 본 연구는 성인진입기의 내부고발에 대한 도덕적 평가와 공정성 및 내집단 충성의 도덕 가치 차이 간의 연관성에 대하여 알아보았다. 참가자들은 가상의 시나리오에서 주인공이 누군가의 잘못을 외부로 알린 이야기를 읽고 고발 행위에 대한 도덕적 평가를 하였으며, 도덕적 기반 설문을 통해 개인이 어떠한 도덕적 가치를 얼마나 중요하게 여기는가에 대해 응답하였다. 연구 결과, 개인이 상대적으로 내집단 충성 원리에 비하여 공정성 원리를 더 중시할수록 내부고발을 더 도덕적으로 평가하였다. 또한 남성에 비해 여성이 타인의 내부고발을 더 도덕적으로 평가하는 성차가 발견되었다. 더불어, 내부고발에 대한 도덕적 평가에 있어 위반행위자와 내부고발자 간 관계의 가까운 정도, 위반행위 심각도의 주효과가 나타났다. 이러한 연구 결과는 내부고발에 대한 성인진입기의 도덕적 판단에 기여하는 개인적․상황적 변인에 대한 중요한 정보를 제공한다.

Abstract

When a group engages in moral transgressions, its members face the whistleblower's dilemma: the conflict between remaining loyal to the group or standing up for justice and fairness. The present study investigates the relationships between moral evaluations of whistle-blowing behaviors and the fairness-loyalty tradeoff in emerging adults. The participants read scenarios in which a person blows the whistle on another person's moral transgression and evaluated the whistle-blowing behaviors. The scenarios differ in the levels of relationship closeness between the violator and whistle-blower, and the severity levels of the violations. The results suggest that a fairness-loyalty tradeoff predicts individuals' evaluations of whistle-blowing. Moreover, women evaluated whistle-blowing behaviors more positively than men. There were also significant effects of relationship closeness between the violator and whistle-blower on the severity of violations. These results reveal the psychological and contextual factors that affect individuals’ moral evaluations of whistle-blowing behavior.

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