조선후기 불교의 강학 전통과 白羊寺 강원의 역사

Abstract

The propose of this study is to consider the Buddhist lecture and historical characteristic of the Baekyang/白羊 temple, which is representative of Buddhist lecture halls in the Honam/湖南 area, by considering the tradition of doctrinal teaching of the late Joseon Buddhism focusing on Seongyogyeomsu/禪敎兼修 (simultaneous training of meditation and doctrine) and the Buddhist lecture tradition. This paper considered a local trait of Honam and performed a study from the viewpoint of traditional succession and also modern transfer through step by step organization, i.e., lecture of the late Joseon Buddhism→doctrinal teaching of Honam and the lecture of Baekyangsa→education of modern Buddhism and Baekyangsa lecture hall. The historical process, which is the education process/履歷課程 of this lecture hall founded in the early 17th century, is oriented towards Seongyogyeomsu and it reinforced the tendency to give priority to lecture and doctrinal teaching. As the Pyeonyang school/鞭羊派, the largest school in the late Joseon, advanced into government, many Buddhist scholars of doctrinal teaching were produced in the Honam area. Among them, the genealogy of Yangak Gyeseon/羊嶽 啓璇, who was the disciple of representative scholar Yeondam Yuil/蓮潭 有一, formed the lecture tradition of Baekyang temple after the late 18th century. From the aspect of theory of Seon/禪 Priority, Baekpa Geungseon/白坡 亘璇, who triggered Seon dispute in the 19th century, also gave a critical effect to the lecture of the Baekyang temple. Therefore, the Buddhist lecture tradition of the Baekyang temple can be understood as the coexistence of two flows, which represent the doctrinal teaching of Honam, and contact point where the dual structure of meditation and doctrine intersects. When the education system of modern Buddhism was established, the Baekyang temple kept pace with modern education and traditional lecture at the same time. The lecture organized by the modern lecture hall of the Baekyang temple is represented by Manam Jongheon/曼庵 宗憲 inheriting the lineage of dharma of Yuil and Hanyeong Jeongho/漢永 鼎鎬 inheriting that of Geung Seon. It is evaluated that they inherited traditional Buddhism and searched for the direction of modern Buddhism in terms of study and education.