마르크스주의 문학비평가의 임무

Abstract

Marxist Literary Critic’s TasksAhn, Jin-sooThe aim of this study is to investigate the several related sets ofquestions such as definition of Marxism, the reasons for the presentpopularity of Marxism to intellectuals, politics, and others, the coreprinciples of Marxist thought, the limit of Marxist literary criticismand finally to suggest Marxist literary critic’s tasks.Marxism is an approach to literary analysis based on the principlesof Friedrich Engels(1820~1895) and Karl Marx(1818~1883).Marxism is not primarily a literary theory that can be used to interpreta literary text, for it is first a set of social, economic, and politicalideas to interpret and change the world. According to Marxists,ultimate reality is material, not spiritual.As an approach to literary analysis, Marxism’s methodology is adynamic process that maintains that a proper critique of a text cannotexist in isolation from the cultural situation in which the text evolved.Necessarily, Marxists argue the study of literature and the study ofsociety are intricately bound.By placing the text in its historical context and analyzing theauthor’s view of life, Marxist critics arrive at one of their chiefconcerns: ideology. These critics are interested in the ideology마르크스주의 문학비평가의 임무 31- 371-expressed by the author, as evidenced through his or her fictionalworld, and how this ideology interacts with the reader’s personalideology.A Marxist critic may begin such an analysis by elucidating how anauthor’s text reflects the writer’s ideology through an examination ofthe fictional world’s characters, settings, society, or any other aspectof the text.Whatever method the critic chooses, a Marxist approach exposesthe dominant class, demonstrates how the bourgeoisie’s ideologycontrols and oppresses the working class, and highlights elements ofsociety most affected by such oppression. Such an analysis, Marxist