코로나19 대유행 시기 일반시민의 기부행동 분석
An Exploratory Analysis on Giving Behaviors during the COVID-19 Pandemic
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초록
본 연구는 2020년 코로나19 대유행으로 인하여 전세계가 경험하는 사회적 재난상황에서 일반 시민들의 기부행동에 어떤 요인들이 영향을 미치는지를 탐색하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 코로나19와 같은 특정 재난 피해 극복을 목적으로 하는 기부참여와 기부액에 개인의 인구사회학적 요인, 개인의 인식과 태도 및 재난관련 요인들이 영향을 미치는지를 분석하였다. 이를 위해 본 연구는 2006명의 일반 시민들 대상으로 일반적 기부뿐만 아니라 코로나19 관련 기부행동에 대한 기본적 내용을 설문조사하여 구축된 2020 기빙코리아 조사자료를 활용하였다. 분석결과 사회적 책임감은 코로나19라는 재난관련 기부참여에 유의미한 영향을 미쳤으며, 이전의 기부경험 및 코로나19의 영향을 받는다는 인식 등 재난의 상황적 요인이 코로나19 관련 기부참여에 유의미한 영향을 미친다. 그러나 기부액의 경우는 분석모델이 유의미하게 영향을 미치지 않았다. 본 연구의 결과는 재난 관련 기부행동에 대한 기초적인 이해기반을 제공한다는 의의를 지니지만, 코로나19 초기단계의기부행동만 분석대상으로 하여 지속되는 재난상황에서 기부행동을 설명하는데 한계를 지닌다.
Abstract
This study explores what factors explain giving behaviors for COVID-19 pandemic response. This study uses a survey data of 2,006 Koreans from 2020 Giving Korea conducted by the Beautiful Foundation. The results report that the level of donors’ social responsibility has a significant impact on pandemic-relief donation. Disaster-related factors, such as the perceived impacts of COVID-19 on respondents and previous giving experience, are also important for explaining giving behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, individual social or economic factors, such as household income, gender or age, do not have an significant impact on giving behaviors for the pandemic response. Also, the study model did not explain the amount of donation for COVID-19 relief, which implies that donation for disaster-relief is quite impulsive or temporary. This study provides a basic understanding of disaster-relief giving behaviors. However this study has a limitation to explain the longitudinal or continuos effect of COVID-19 on giving behaviors because it focuses on the very early stage of the pandemic from February to July.
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