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정서 처리 과정에 대한 사례 연구: 정서 중심 치료(EFT)의 적용

A Case Study on Emotional Processing: The Application of Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT)

김영근|정명희
한국상담학회 (Korean Counseling Association (KCA))|2023.06|상담학연구: 사례및실제 (Korean Journal of Counseling: Case Studies and Practice)|제8권 제1호|pp. 1-30|DOI 10.15703/kjccsp.8.1.202306.1

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참고문헌

키워드

emotional processing정서 변화정서 중심 치료전반적인 심리적 고통정서 처리 과정일차 정서emotion-focused therapy (EFT)global distressemotional transformationprimary emotion

초록

본 연구는 심리적 극통을 호소하는 내담자를 정서 중심 치료(EFT)의 원리를 적용하여 22회기 상담한 사례에 대하여, 내담자의 정서 상태의 변화 과정을 분석한 단일 사례 연구이다. 연구의 목적은 내담자의 전반적인 심리적 고통(global distress)의 해결 과정에서 정서가 실제로 어떻게 변화하는지에 분석의 초점을 맞추고 그 과정이 Pascual-Leone와 Greenberg(2007)가 제안한 순차적 정서 처리 모델(The sequential emotional processing model)의 정서 변화 과정을 따르고 있는지를 확인하는 데 있다. 연구를 위하여 현상에 대한 깊은 이해를 돕고 전반적인 특징을 파악하는 데 적합한 질적 사례 연구를 선택하였고, 내담자의 실제 경험과 그 변화 과정을 상세하게 살펴보고 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 내담자의 정서 변화는 순차적 정서 처리 모델에 따른 정서 변화 과정을 대체로 따르고 있었고, 정서가 생산적으로 처리되면서 내재되어 있는 진정한 욕구가 표현되고 자기에 대한 긍정적인 평가와 느낌이 출현하였다. 제시된 모델과의 차이점은, 내담자의 회피된 화를 다룰 때 죄책감의 해결이 핵심적인 과정이었다는 점, 그리고 죄책감과 유기 불안이 제시된 모델의 수치심-두려움 단계에서 다루어질 수 있는 핵심적인 부적응적 일차 정서라는 점, 마지막으로 허무감이 자기를 수용하고 주체성으로 나아가게 창조적이고 생산적으로 작용했다는 점이다. 본 사례 연구를 통해, 정서 처리 과정에 있어 정서가 생산적인 방향으로 변화하는 특정한 순서가 있고 이론적으로 확인된 순차적인 정서 처리 과정을 통해 내담자를 이끄는 것은 상담에서 중요한 개입 방향이 될 수 있음을 확인하였다.

Abstract

This study is a single case study analyzing the change pattern of the client’s emotional state in the case of 22 sessions of counseling by applying the principle of Emotion-Focused Therapy (EFT) to a client who suffered from global distress. The purpose of this study is to focus the analysis on how emotions actually change in the process of resolving the client’s global distress, and to investigate whether the process is being followed based on the sequential emotional processing model proposed by Pascual-Leone and Greenberg(2007). For research purposes, a qualitative case study was chosen to aid in understanding the phenomenon deeply and to capture the overall characteristics. The study thoroughly examined and analyzed the actual experiences of the client and her process of change. The analysis revealed that the client’s emotional change generally followed the emotional transformation process according to the sequential emotional processing model, and as the emotions were processed productively, the underlying true desires were expressed, and positive evaluations and positive feelings about the self emerged. The differences from the presented model are that the relief of guilt was seen as a key process when dealing with clients’ avoided anger, and that anxiety about being abandoned and guilty were core primary emotions that can be dealt with in the shame-fear phase of the proposed model. And finally in this case, feeling futility acted creatively and productively to accept the self and move toward subjectivity. Through this case study, it was identified that there is a specific sequence in which emotions change in a productive direction in the emotional processing procedure and it was confirmed that leading a client through the theoretically confirmed sequential procedure of emotional processing can be an important intervention direction in counseling.

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